The Office of Intelligence and Analysis Strategic Plan described this as one of their external risk factors. “Intense competition for qualified intelligence professionals makes recruiting the necessary workforce challenging.” (Office of Intelligence and Analysis, 2011, p.18) Finding capable and trustworthy employees is essential in a sector that could jeopardize homeland and national security. The PATRIOT Act included new intelligence methods that are controversially viewed as breaching of civil liberties. The advancing front of civil liberties creates political limitations of intelligence. The increase of electronic communications has brought the private sector directly into the battle between homeland security and civil liberties. Homeland security intelligence is the invisible connections that fight the web of terrorism. Past centralized intelligence methods have been replace with a great number of resources spanning the line from Federal to local street level. Overall, the capabilities have increased the community’s ability to gather and process information. The intelligence created is better disseminated to the appropriate users. Despite the growth of intelligence, vulnerabilities exist that limit the effective gathering of some types of information.
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Development and redevelopment have been undertaken in an effort to improve the ability to be effective in the five core missions: preventing terrorism and enhancing security, securing and managing our borders, enforcing and administering our immigration laws, safeguarding and securing cyberspace, and ensuring resilience to disasters. FEMA defines 32 capabilities that are used in the National Preparedness Goal (FEMA, 2016). These capabilities are directly related to the effectiveness of the homeland security enterprise. A few of these capabilities will be discussed in depth. The capabilities of the homeland security enterprise have been tested in both natural disaster events, such as Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy, as well as terror events, such as the Boston Marathon bombings, lone wolf terrorist and the ongoing cybersecurity