Cholelithiasis is the most common disorder of the biliary tract and is the one of the most common diseases affecting emergency-room patients with epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite (Jessri & Rashidkhani, 2015). A key factor in the susceptibility of cholelithiasis is genetics. Individuals are five times more likely to develop cholelithiasis when a family member has been diagnosed with the disorder (Stinton & Shaffer, 2012). The prevalence of cholelithiasis increases with age and is higher in woman than in men (Gustavsson et al., 2011). The female to male ratio is 4:1 in younger subjects and decreases to 2:1 in older age groups. Even though the ratio has a high association with fertile woman, cholelithiasis is not prevalent in adolescents. Less than 5% of cholecystectomies are performed on individuals under the age of 20 (Nakeeb et al., 2002). Incidents of cholelithiasis are also directly correlated with ethnicity. African American men and woman had the lowest prevalence at 5-14% respectively, whereas Mexican American men and women had the highest prevalence of 9-27%, respectively, with most other ethnicities falling somewhere in between (Cafasso & Smith,
Cholelithiasis is the most common disorder of the biliary tract and is the one of the most common diseases affecting emergency-room patients with epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite (Jessri & Rashidkhani, 2015). A key factor in the susceptibility of cholelithiasis is genetics. Individuals are five times more likely to develop cholelithiasis when a family member has been diagnosed with the disorder (Stinton & Shaffer, 2012). The prevalence of cholelithiasis increases with age and is higher in woman than in men (Gustavsson et al., 2011). The female to male ratio is 4:1 in younger subjects and decreases to 2:1 in older age groups. Even though the ratio has a high association with fertile woman, cholelithiasis is not prevalent in adolescents. Less than 5% of cholecystectomies are performed on individuals under the age of 20 (Nakeeb et al., 2002). Incidents of cholelithiasis are also directly correlated with ethnicity. African American men and woman had the lowest prevalence at 5-14% respectively, whereas Mexican American men and women had the highest prevalence of 9-27%, respectively, with most other ethnicities falling somewhere in between (Cafasso & Smith,