As social climates advance, the product's impact on evolving theories, accordingly legal, ethics, and cultures evolve along with environmental, societal, technological, …show more content…
Additionally, Honey’s theory includes societal and environmental factors to explain personality and in this manner differs from Freud’s perspective (Richardson, 2009). Accordingly, Horney emphasizes family, social interactions, along with possible environmental occurrences in consideration of mental health issues. Honey contributed her theory of parental indifferences and regarded individual approaches as products of the child and parental relations and interactions. Joe’s early experiences yield unfulfilled needs (Richardson, 2009). According to Horney Joe suffers from depression from resentments that has turned inward and anxiety because his needs for approval and warmth were not met as a child resulting from his parents' inability to convey affection and approval (Cervone, 2012). Hence, the presenting anxiety and depression result from fear of helplessness and abandonment (Richardson, 2009). The origin of helplessness is attributable to his father’s absence during childhood and Joe’s needs in the role of caregiver for his mother and siblings. Additionally, abandoned by his father, Joe, was unable to secure approval (Richardson, 2009), which exacerbates the feared helplessness. Autonomy as discussed by Cervone (2012) is impossible due to Joe, assuming the caregiver role and in this manner expresses compliance (Richardson, 2009). …show more content…
Sullivan identified security as a major element, whether real or perceived, as significant during parental interactions with infants, children, pre-adolescents, and adolescents (Cervone, 2012). Sullivan identified developmental stages through which an individual navigates successfully to develop syntactic communication, thus, securely concluding all stages to communicate as a self-realizing, adult ((Evans III, 2005). Accordingly, Joe is fixated on the parataxic level, which receives and responds information with distortions of thought and behavior (Evans III, 2005). The mother and child relationship, the basis of significant influence for an individual’s sense of security and satisfaction. Beyond infancy, Sullivan identified five additional stages of development: childhood, juvenile, preadolescence, early adolescence, and late adolescence, all affected by interactions with caregivers (Cannon, 2009). According to Cervone’s (2012) descriptions of Horney’s theory, insecure relations with his father from age five years to 12 years and from 14 to 19 years of age left Joe anxious and depressed. Additionally, Joe is experiencing depression and anxiety as distractions from examination of “not me” who was abandoned and inherited his anxiety from significant others in his life (Cervone, 2012). Joe is also distracting himself utilizing selective