Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is elevated in almost one hundred percent of the cases. Elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and low to normal total testosterone levels may also be present. Other diagnostic tests that can be ordered are estradiol, prolactin, (thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), fasting blood sugar, and total cholesterol. A complete blood count and bone scan may be ordered to check for anemia and osteoporosis that are also findings of KS (Nieschlag, 2013). Ultrasound is recommended to help identify abnormally small testes in the patient (Goolsby & Grubbs, 2011). Smear testing of the cells in the buccal area can be used to look for Barr bodies that are consistent with the inactive supernumerary X chromosome associated with KS, but is not usually used. Definitive diagnosis can be confirmed by karyotyping (). Karyotyping is an analysis of a patient's chromosomes taken from a blood sample or it can also be done while the woman is pregnant (47, XXY, n.
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is elevated in almost one hundred percent of the cases. Elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and low to normal total testosterone levels may also be present. Other diagnostic tests that can be ordered are estradiol, prolactin, (thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), fasting blood sugar, and total cholesterol. A complete blood count and bone scan may be ordered to check for anemia and osteoporosis that are also findings of KS (Nieschlag, 2013). Ultrasound is recommended to help identify abnormally small testes in the patient (Goolsby & Grubbs, 2011). Smear testing of the cells in the buccal area can be used to look for Barr bodies that are consistent with the inactive supernumerary X chromosome associated with KS, but is not usually used. Definitive diagnosis can be confirmed by karyotyping (). Karyotyping is an analysis of a patient's chromosomes taken from a blood sample or it can also be done while the woman is pregnant (47, XXY, n.