2005., para.2). Before using this technique, clients have to be motivated to change and ready to resolve their issues. MI is divided into a set of skills and principles such as; DEARS and AROSE. The five basic principles of Motivational Interviewing are; Develop Discrepancy, Express Empathy, Roll with Resistance, and Support Self-efficacy (Miller & Rollnick, 2007). The goal of developing discrepancy is for clients such as Mario to recognize and elevate the importance of change for his life. The role of the clinician is to express empathy by employing reflective listening skills for the entire process of motivational interviewing which is done by not blaming, criticizing, or judging the client (Miller & Rollnick, 2007). Arguments are counterproductive therefore it is imperative to avoid arguments …show more content…
Art therapy is a popular treatment for veterans suffering with PTSD. Identification of distorted cognitions, reframing, and cognitive reprocessing are implemented through the use of writing, drawing, and journaling (Foa, Keane, Friedman, & Cohen, 2011). Mario stated in a few of his sessions that he loves drawing and painting. I think expressing himself through art, is a good way for him to manage his stress, anxiety, and anger. Although specific creative art therapy treatments have not been empirically tested for trauma, it has been cited as being useful in the reduction of increase in emotional control, improvement in relationships, decrease dissociation, sleep problems, and reduction of depression (Foa, Keane, Friedman, & Cohen, 2011., p.