Piaget’s last stage of intellectual development is the stage of formal operational thought, which includes the use of different perspectives, logical thinking, and ability to reflect internally (Berk, 2010). A child in the formal operational stage will exhibit behaviors such as the use of metacognition or awareness of thoughts, understanding of abstract ideas, generating solutions to possible problems, and planning ahead, while demonstrating a goal-oriented attitude (Berk, 2010). The patient is appropriately developed intellectually by demonstrating behaviors that correlate with the formal operational …show more content…
The patient demonstrates acceptable cognitive processes for his age group, but the effects of bullying could lead to great insecurities and requires intervention. An intervention would be to make sure that the school is aware of the bullying. In addition the parents should monitor that the bullies are being punished appropriately and monitor their child’s self concept. If the self concept of the child is disrupted by bullies scrutinizing the child then further intervention would be needed. Therapy and creative arts can be a valuable option for children experiencing bullying at school as an outlet for expressing feelings in a safe environment (McGuinness & Schnur, 2015). The patient also expressed a dislike for subjects like math and science because he feels he is not good at them, so intervention is needed to help the child further his cognitive development and build confidences in these subjects. A home-based intervention would be to promote self-concept by communicating faults or concerns in a private manner, such as one-on-one with child. In the school setting the teacher can help build confidence by offering criticism in a constructive manner. By talking the child aside instead of scrutinizing their faults in front of peers can help ensure the child listens and absorbs the criticism in a positive way so that