Learning is “a purposeful activity aimed at the acquisition and development of skills and knowledge and their application” (Dale, 1994:24). It can be divided into 2 categories: individual and organisational; which both are interrelated to each other. Individuals are expected to act as “agents” for organisational learning (Friedman, 2001). Meanwhile, learning can be held in anywhere, anytime; either explicit or tacit. For examples, it could be through watching a movie, attending a class, reading a book or even walking on the street(by observation). Individual learning can be seen as behaviour. Behaviourism is a theory that explains human behaviour in terms of its pleasurable or painful consequences (Skinner, 1953, 1971). In responding to the learn stimulus-response model, we learn to approaches in a pleasant way for a particular situation to look for an ideal result. After knowing what we are called upon to react, our behaviour will be internalized within us so that it is done naturally without …show more content…
Argyris argues that organisational learning as the process of “detection and correction of errors” (1999). Most people search for solutions upon the detection of errors; this is single-loop learning. It means developing a norm, and performs to it, but never question or rethink. Meanwhile, double-loop learning questions the norms, beliefs, assumptions, routines each time. Argyris argues that double loop learning is necessary if practitioners and organisations are to make informed decisions in rapidly changing and often uncertain contexts (1974). Nevertheless, organisations should apply both learning methods in their practice. Therefore organisations can apply for relevant action strategy as well as knowing governing