75% of adults that are overweight or obese have one or more cardiac risk factors associated with their weight such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes (United States Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], 2015). These risk factors place them at much higher risk for heart disease, stroke, and certain cancers (LeBlanc, O’Conner, Whitlock, Patnode, & Kapka 2011). A modest 5-10% reduction in weight is considered clinically meaningful and can reduce the chance of developing obesity related conditions (HHS, 2015). With this information, it is imperative that primary care providers understand how best to help their patients lose weight. The focus of this literature review is in the primary care setting, as this is often where the majority of patients with obesity are first encountered and treated. There appears to be a gap in knowledge regarding how best to approach the topic of weight loss and how to address needed lifestyle changes, especially within a limited time …show more content…
The model has been applied extensively to smoking cessation with promising results and more recently research has focused on weight loss interventions. Mastellos, Gun, Felix, Car, and Majeed (2014) conducted a systematic review that examined use of the TTM SOC interventions compared to usual care for weight loss management. The results showed no statistical difference in BMI outcomes, but did show significant positive changes in regards to eating and exercise habits. Other researchers have conducted similar studies with an underlying theme that TTM interventions should be customized based on the stage the person is in to best assist the person in advancing to the next