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Advantages of the Scientific Method
Establish cause and effect
*Manipulate IV to see effect on DV -> usually through controlled experiments (LAB)
LOFTUS+PALMER - memory study
*changing verb changed p's speed estimate - shows causal relationship.
+ human behav not easy to understand cause.
+ C+E - accurate theories, factual ev supports
+ C+e - positive impact - e.g police, leading Q
Use of Empirical Data
*gain info through direct observation/experiments, rather than reasoned argument
*only way people can verify psychological theory
BANDURA - believed aggression learnt - SLT and hypothesis couldn't be confirmed with empirical method.
*observation in lab exp (IV manipulated by DV)
* empirical nature - psychologists draw conclusions from observations. raised scientific status.
Replication
* researchers record procedures exactly -> others can replicate and compare results
*MILGRAM - Standard procedures (script, equipt)
*made it non bias - similar experience
*strong control allowed replication for reliability.
SHANAB+YAHYA 1978, found similar results
*pop valid assesed - different samples MILGRAM (female 1968)
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