1 & 2 Peter

1. Converts from day of Pentecost
2. Peter himself
3. Unknown evangelists (likely)

Two viewpoints:
1. Primarily Gentiles with some Jews interspersed
2. Primarily Jewish with a Gentile element mixed in. (likely)
Why is readership Jewish?
a. Diaspora - refers to Jews of the Dispersion; never Gentiles
b. Peter was an apostle to the Jews
c. This best explains 1 Pet 2:9
d. This epistle has many OT quotations and allusions.

A general epistle to the "elect exiles of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadicia, Asia, and Bithynia (1 Pet 1:1).

1. Pontus
2. Galatia
3. Cappadocia
4. Asia
5. Bithynia

1. Encouragement and exhortation
2. Assurance

("...I have written briefly to you, exhorting and declaring that this is the true grace of God. Stand firm in it.") - 1 Pet 5:12

1. Suffering
2. Suffering for righteous sake and in the hope of glory
3. Hope of glory

1. Salvation 1:1 c 2:18
2. Subjection 2:11 3:7
3. Suffering 3:8 5:14

Salvation

Salvation

Foreknowledge
Means:
1. God knows what will happen. (Problem w/ total depravity)
2. To look on someone with a favorable attitude. (Ps 1:6)

God looks with favor on some by His grace.

1. Preliminary Sanctification (set apart prior to salvation)
2. Positional Sanctification (1 Cor 1:30; 6:11)
3. Progressive Sanctification (1 Thess 4:3-4)
4. Prospective Sanctification - (Heb 9:19)

1. Hope of salvation 1:3-5
2. Joy of salvation 1:6-9
3. Greatness of salvation 1:10-12

Exodus 24:3-8
Jesus is the second Moses.

1. Hope
2. Holiness 1:14-16
3. Godly fear 1:17-21
4. Love 1:22-25

1. Progress 2:1-3
2. Priesthood 2:4-8

1. Suffering as a citizen 3:13-4:6
2. Suffering as a saint 4:7-19
3. Suffering as a shepherd 5:1-4
4. Suffering as a soldier 5:5-14

4th class condition: possible but not probable:

1. "But even if you should suffer for righteousness’ sake, you will be blessed. Have no fear of them, nor be troubled," 3:14

3:17
For it is better to suffer for doing good, if that should be God’s will, than for doing evil.

4 interpretations of what it means when it says that Jesus
1. Proclamation through the apostles to people of their time lost in the prison house of sin (Eph 2)
Objections:
A. Living people are never referred to as spirit
B. Fails to explain emphasis on Noah

2. The preincarnate Christ preached to people through Noah in Noah's day. Because they were disobedient, they are in prison house of sin. (1 Peter 1:11 - Spirit of Christ in them was indicating when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glories).
Objections:
A. Chronological order of the passage. vs 18, he died vs 19 he preached, vs 22 he went to heaven.

3. After Jesus' death, Jesus preached to human spirits. Some say he preached a second chance. (Eph 4:8)

4. (Correct View) - After His death Christ visited the realm of imprisoned angels who sinned as recorded in Genesis 6; that is, He visited Tartarus (hell) and proclaimed victory to the bound angels. These are angels who co-habited with women and sinned, so were sent to hell. (Bloom, Davids, Hiebert) Fits with 2 Peter 2:4-5.

1. Hades
2. Abyss - Holding place for fallen angels (Luke 8:31; Rev 9, Rev 20)
3. Tartus

1. Because he was contrasting contemporary to the spirits in prison
2. He endured in righteousness.

Baptism is a picture of salvation.

Suffering should lead to a life of righteousness.

A. Sinless perfection
B. Physical death
C. The death of Christ
D. Identification with Christ's death (Romans 6; Gal 2:20)
E. Cessation of sin's dominion

1. Gospel was preached to the dead.
2. Gospel was preached to living people who believed. They were persecuted, but are now dead. (this is Dr. T's view.)

Some believe that after death, the soul sleeps. This is incorrect. Sleep refers to the placement of the body in a resting place, but spirit lives in the presence of the Lord.

4 - Eph 4
4 - 1 Pet 4
12 - Rom 12
12 - 1 Cor 12

Anything that reveals what God is like. We are to use spiritual gifts to show off what God is like.

30
(Priests became priests at age 30; David became king at age 30; Jesus was about 30 when he began preaching; elders should be at least 30).

1. You do it because you want to.
2. Lead by example.

Rome (likely view)

Dualism taught that matter was evil; that is why they denied the resurrection of Christ.

Knowledge - repeated 11 times

Seven virtues to be built on faith.

1. Word of God
2. Changed Life

Peter's writing of the Gospel of Mark.

Speaking of the Transfiguration - which is a display of what the kingdom will be like. (Peter, James and John in their physical bodies; Moses & Elijah w/ spiritual bodies)

We have a more sure prophetic word than the transfiguration because the Word of God is inspired.

Prophecy is more sure than the experience of Peter, James and John.

Judgment and deliverance

The end of this age

All through history, things follow the same timeline. Everything continues along the same pattern of time.

1. flood
2. shaking
3. fire

2 Pet 3:16

2 Pet 3:16
"as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other Scriptures. "

1. Word of God
2. Changed Life

Knowledge

1. Attestation of apostolic witness (2 Peter 1:16-18)
2. Prophetic witness accomplished by the Holy Spirit (2 Pet 1:19-21)

Transfiguration

(Peter, James & John are there in physical bodies; Moses & Elijah with spiritual bodies)

Origination of prophecy (he is not speaking of the interpretation of prophecy)

Yes "But the day of the Lord will come like a thief, and then the heavens will pass away with a roar, and the heavenly bodies will be burned up and dissolved, and the earth and the works that are done on it will be exposed." 2 Pet 3:10

Day of the Lord - "any day when Jehovah especially manifests Himself."

Day of God - "is eternity."

The Day of the Lord is the precurser to eternity.

A future judgment or event in which we will not participate. 2 Pet 3:11 "Since all these things are thus to be dissolved, what sort of people ought you to be in lives of holiness and godliness,"

1. By prayer
2. by evangelism and missions
3. by Jewish evangelism

2 Pet 3:16
"And count the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as our beloved brother Paul also wrote to you according to the wisdom given him,
2 Pet 3:16
as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other Scriptures. "