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8 Cards in this Set

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Five Clostridium species?
botulinum, tetani, difficile (p.colitis), perfringens (gas gangrene), septicum (gangrene in cancer)
Terminal spore is?
Identifying feature of Clostridium tetani (tennis racket shape)
Tetanus symptoms? Incubation period? Got fever? Got numbness?
Violent spastic paralysis esp flexors, locked jaw, arched back, respiratory failure. No fever. No sensory deficit. Incubate 4 days to weeks.
Tetanus diagnosis? Culture or not?
diag is mostly clinical, no culture since organism rarely seen in wound site
Tetanus toxin's subunits and mechanism?
Has two subunits, one binds to neuronal ganglioside, the other inhibits release of glycine/GABA. Affects mainly anterior horn cells.
How many toxin types for each kind of Clostridium?
Tetani: just one. Botulism: many (7). Difficile: two (A and B). Perfringes: many.
Tetanus source and frequency?
Spores in soil enter puncture wounds and germinate when anaerobic (dirty and deep wound)
Tetanus immunization schedule?
Toxoid (= formaldehyde inactivated toxin), given as part of DTaP vaccine: 2, 4, 6,15-18 months, 4-6 yr (before school entry), and booster every 10 yr