- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the MOA of benzodiazepines?
|
stimulate GABA binding GABA receptors - Cl influx into neurons
|
|
What are the 4 main actions of benzodiazepines?
|
1) anticonvulsant
2) muscle relaxation 3) sedative or hypnotic 4) decreased anxiety |
|
What is the DOC for status epilepticus?
|
diazepam (Valium)
|
|
What anxiolytic is also a potent skeletal muscle relaxant and therefore can be used to treat spasticity in MS and cerebral palsy?
|
Diazepam (Valium)
|
|
What agent is used for the acute treatment of alcohol withdrawal?
|
Chlordiazepoxide
|
|
Lorazepam and alprazolam are what type of agents and what are they used for?
|
benzodiazepams commonly used for anxiety disorders
|
|
Triazolam is rapidly eliminated and can therefore cause what?
|
severe withdrawal symptoms
|
|
Temazepam and flurazepam are two benzo's used for what?
|
sleep disorders
|
|
What is by far the #1 ADR of benzodiazepines?
|
drowsiness
|
|
What anxiolytic agent (non-benzo) is used to treat chronic, long term anxiety disorder?
|
buspirone
|
|
Which anxiolytic works by stimulating 5-HT1 receptors?
|
buspirone
|
|
What agents act to interfere with Na/K transport system of cell membranes, increasing GABA and therefore Cl entry into the neurons?
|
Barbiturates
|
|
These agents have mostly been replaced by benzodiazepines due to their tolerance, physical depenence, and severe withdrawal symptoms?
|
Barbiturates
|
|
Barbiturates are contraindicated in patients with what?
|
acute intermittent porphyria
|
|
What is the DOC for children with recurrent febrile seizures?
|
Phenobarbitol
|
|
Which hypnotic agent is long-acting and used for long term seizure disorder control, status epilepticus, and eclampsia?
|
Phenobarbital
|
|
How is thiopental administered?
|
IV only
|
|
What is thiopental used for?
|
anesthesia - short acting (20 min)
|
|
What are the 2 non-barbiturate hypnotics?
|
chloral hydrate and meprobamate
|
|
Which non-barbiturate hypnotic has tranquilizing, muscle relaxant, and anti-convulsant actions?
|
meprobamate
|
|
How do antihistamines work?
|
They block the H1 (histamine) receptors but DO NOT inhibit release of histamine
|
|
What are antihistamines used for?
|
treatment of allergies
|
|
Can MOA inhibitors be taken with antihistamines?
|
NO
|
|
What is histamine?
|
chemical messenger which mediates allergic/inflam rxns, causes HCl secretion, and acts as a possible NT
|
|
In what cells is histamine found?
|
mast cells
basophils platelets |
|
Which receptors stimulate gastric HCl secretion?
|
H2
|
|
Which receptors stimulate increased nasal and bronchial mucus secretion, also cause constricion of intestinal smooth muscle, and result in perception of itchiness/pain?
|
H1
|
|
what is the "triple response" ?
|
1) wheel
2) reddening d/t vasodilation 3) flare |
|
Which histamine receptors have cardiac effects?
|
both H1 and H2
|
|
What H1 blocker is indicated in allergy and motion sickness?
|
Diphenhydramine
|
|
Which H1 receptor antagonist is used to treat or prevent allergy-associated pruritis?
|
hydroxyzine
|
|
Which H1 receptor antagonist is used for allergic rhinitis?
|
chlorpheniramine
|
|
Which agents are second generation antihistamine?
|
loratadine
desloratadine fexofenadine |
|
2nd generation antihistamines can cause what when used in combo w/ macrolide antibiotics, ketoconazole, and itraconazole?
|
arrhythmias (particularly torsade de pointe)
|
|
What agents are contraindicated in BPH, narrow angle glaucoma, and bladder obstruction?
|
antihistamines
|
