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55 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Estrus
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The part of the estrous cycle when a female may be successfully bred.
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Gestation
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The period of time from when the sperm fertilizes the egg or the female conceives until birth.
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What does AI stand for?
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Artificial Insemination
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What is AI?
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Placing the semen into a female's reproductive tract using an artificial method.
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Estrous Cycle
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The reproductive cycle of the female that prepares an egg for fertilization.
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Afterbirth
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The expelled placenta after the birthing process.
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Placenta
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The membrane in which the fetus develops and through which it receives nourishment.
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Cervix
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The neck of the uterus. It serves as a passageway for the sperm at breeding time and for the baby as it is born.
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Conception
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The time when the male sperm fertilizes the female egg.
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Embyro
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A term for the fertilized egg during the early part of the pregnancy. This term is used until the development of body parts.
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Embryo Transfer
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Surgically removing fertilized eggs from a donor and placing them in a recipient.
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Estrogen
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A hormone that brings a female into heat and prepares her for breeding.
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Heat
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The part of the estrous cycle when a female may be successfully bred. Also known at estrus.
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Estrus Synchronization
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A technique using hormones to bring a group of females in heat at the same time, to breed all of them within a short period of time.
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Heat Synchronization
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A technique using hormones to bring a group of females in heat at the same time, to breed all of them within a short period of time.
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Fertility
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The description of how productive a breeding animal will be in terms of reproductive abilities.
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Fertilization
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When the egg from the female and the sperm from the male join and begin to form an embryo.
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Hormone
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A body-regulating chemical secreted by a gland into the blood stream.
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Open
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A female that is not pregnant.
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Ovary
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The female organ that produces eggs. There are two ovaries in the reproductive tract.
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Ovulation
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The time when the egg is released from the ovary.
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Progesterone
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A female hormone that maintains pregnancy in the female.
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Prostaglandin
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A compound that is naturally produced in the reproductive system. It is commercially produced and used to synchronize estrus.
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Semen
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Sperm mixed with the fluids from the accessory glands of the male.
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Sperm
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The male sex cells produced in the testicles.
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Standing Heat
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The window of time during estrus (heat) when a female is receptive to mating.
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Superovulation
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The process of treating a female with hormones to cause her to release several eggs from an ovary at one time. The eggs are then fertilized and later removed and placed into recipient cows (called embryo transfer).
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Uterus
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The female reproductive organ where the embryo develops during pregnancy. During labor the uterus contracts to force the baby out of the birth canal.
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Vulva
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The external opening to the female's reproductive system.
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Cervix
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The entrance into the uterus. Protects the uterus from infection.
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What steps occur between Estrus and Parturition?
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1) Estrus
2) Fertilization 3) Gestation (embryo then fetus) 4) Labor or Parturition |
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Abortion
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Premature expulsion of the fetus
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Fertility
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The degree of success or failure to reproduce
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Gonad
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Germ cell producing tissue - an ovary or testis
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Ovulation
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Release of mature egg from the follicle of an ovary
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Prolific
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Reproducing regularly and numerously
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Puberty
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Period in growth and development during which the reproductive system acquires mature form and function.
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What is the length of gestation for cattle?
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283 days
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What is the length of the estrus cycle in cattle?
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18-21 days
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What is the length of gestation for sheep?
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143-152 days
Average of 148 days |
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What is the length of the estrus cycle for sheep?
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14-19 days
Average of 16.5 days |
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What is the length of estrus for sheep?
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30-35 hours
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What is the length of estrus in cattle?
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24-36 hours
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What is the length of gestation for goats?
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148-152 days
5 months |
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What is the length of the estrus cycle in goats?
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21 days
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What is the length of estrus in goats?
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24-36 hours
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This hormone causes estrus
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Estrogen
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This hormone quiets the reproductive tract and is necessary for maintaining pregnancy
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Progesterone
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The hormone causes ovulation and the formation of a corpus luteum.
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Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
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This hormone stimulates the development of ovarian follicles.
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Follicle Stimulating Hormone
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This hormone restarts the estrous cycle by destroying the corpus luteum.
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Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
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This hormone stimulates contraction of muscles of the mammary gland and uterus, causing milk let-down and aiding in the birthing process.
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Oxytocin
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This hormone stimulates the release of GnRH.
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Melatonin
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How long is estrus in gilts?
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averages 50-60 hours
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How long is gestation in gilts?
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114 days or
3 months, 3 weeks, and 3 days |
