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7 Cards in this Set

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How can one view secondary spermatocytes in a section?
Cells derived from 1st meiotic division called secondary spermatocytes. They cannot be seen in sections because they immediately enter the 2nd meiotic division.
Infertility:
Factors affecting fertility -
Dietary deficiencies
Infections [mumps]
Elevated testicular temperature
Cryptorchidism (undescended testis)
Varicocele (varicosities of pampiniform plexus [cools arterial blood going to testes])
Steroids (anabolic steroid abuse) [to pituitary, shuts down LH, testes shriveled]
Toxins, e.g. pesticides [steroid like]
Radiation
Forms the blood-testis barrier
Sertoli cells,
Form unusual cell-cell junctions with exceedingly tight junction.
Junctional complexes divide seminiferous tubule epithelium into basal and luminal compartments.
Elevated levels of ___ in serum usually indicate prostate cancer
PSA
Prostatic Adenocarcinoma,
CLINICAL NOTE:
Prostate cancer spreads to the vertebral column via anastomoses between the prostatic venous plexus and the ___ plexus.
[low back pain]
-internal vertebral (Batson’s)
s. 47
Radical Prostectomy:
A number of treatments are available for treatment of prostate cancer.
Most tried and true method is a radical prostectomy in which the entire prostate is removed.
The one side effect that most men wish to avoid is ___ due to damage to the cavernous nerves.
erectile dysfunction
Erectile Dysfunction:
Any disorder or behavior that impedes ___ will cause erectile dysfunction; e.g. Diabetes, hypertension and smoking.
Low serum ___ will affect erection.
If parasympathetics are intact, sildenafil citrate (Viagra), enhances relaxing effect of NO by inhibiting ___, which degrades cGMP.
-blood flow
-testosterone
-phosphodiesterase