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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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BLS Data
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Good for tracking work place injuries
Not Good for tracking work place illneses |
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Number of works in the U.S.? Percent that will have an injury?
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100 millioin
1 in 4 will have injury |
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Number of fatal injuries per 100,000 workers?
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3.5
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Most common workplace fatalities? (4)
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1. Traffic Incidient
2. Falls 3. Homicide 4. Struck by object |
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People from what country had highest fatality rate in US?
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Mexico 38%
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What age group has highest fatality rate?
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65 and older 3 times the norm
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Occupation with highest work injury rate?
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Farming, fishing, and forestry
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Annual cost of workplace injuries?
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170 billion
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Work fatalities 2009?
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4451
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Disease associated with chemical exposures, mineral dust, cleaning supplies
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Occupational asthma
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Spirometry
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Measures the ability of the lungs to move air
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FVC
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Forced vital capacity
How much air lungs can hold |
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Byssonosis
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Cotton dust
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Pulmonary fibrosis caused by exposure to mineral dusts
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Pneumoconiosis
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Diseases associated with pneumiconiosis?
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Silicosis
Asbestosis |
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Also known as black lung disease?
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silicosis
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Lighter exposures to asbestos can cause?
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1. Mesothelioma
2. Lung Cancer |
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Heavy exposure to asbestos diseases
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Asbestosis
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progressive massive fibrosis
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coal workers pneumoconiosis (black lung)
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toxins that affect peripheral nerve system?
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lead, mercury, hexane, mbk
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Toxins that affect CNS?
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Organic solvents, inorganic mercury, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide
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What can contribute to behavioral disorder and psychosocial stress?
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Little personal control and repetitive tasks
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Primary cause for heart disease?
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Workplace Stress
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Inflammation of the skin
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dermatitis
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Example of contact dermatitis
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poison oak
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(ACGIH) A1
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Confirmed human carcinogen
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(ACGIH) A2
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Suspected human carcinogen
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(ACGIH) A3
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Confirmed animal carcinogen
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(ACGIH) A4
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Not classifiable as human carcinogen
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(ACGIH) A5
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Not suspected as a human carcinogen
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Hard hats typically expire?
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3 years after manufacture
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Hard hat class A
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general service helmet
construction mining |
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Hard hat Class B
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Electrical
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Class C
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bump cap
Not for heavy impact/ electrical |
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PPE
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workwear that protects from physical and chemical hazards
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Types of Respirators
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1. Air-purifying (negative or positive pressure
2. Atmospheric supplying (positive pressure) 3. Escape |
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Filter class N
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Not resistant to oil
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Filter class R
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Somewhat resistant to oil
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Filter class P
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Highly resistant to oil
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When to use filter class P
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When oil exposures more than 1 shift
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HEPA
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High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter
99.97% 0.3 micron particles |
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Oxygen deficient atmosphere
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oxygen content below 19.5% by volume
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IDLH
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Immediate danger to life or health
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Protective Suit A
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Encapsulating suit SCBA
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Protective Suit B
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Chemical protective suit SCBA
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Protective Suit C
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Chemical protective suit, negative respirator
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Protective Suit D
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Regular work clothes
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Protective equipment for that adds on to shoe
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metatarsal guard
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Conductive footwear (Cd)
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Protects from buildup of static electricity
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NIHL
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Noise induced hearing loss
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Number exposed to high sound levels at work?
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30 million
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Percent that will develop NIHL
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25%
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Sound
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Wave propagation through an elastic medium
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equation for speed of sound
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speed = frequency x wavelength
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Sound divisions
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octave bands
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upper frequency associated with lower frequency
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F (upper) = 2 frequency (lower)
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Finding frequency center
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f (center) = Square root [F(upper) x F(lower)]
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Sound Power =
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Watts
Constant energy output |
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Sound intensity
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power distributed over an area
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Free Field
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Energy travels unimpeded
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OSHA sound exposure limit (C)
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90
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ACGIH (C)
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85
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Instrument allows direct reading and weighted measurement
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sound level meter
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Instrument characterizes sound sources and used for control strategies
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octave band analyzer
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Instrument can give TWA and noise % readouts
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Noise Dosimeter
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Hearing loss definition
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Greater than 25 dB in bother ears
at these frequencies: 1000 hz 2000 hz 3000 hz 4000hz |
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Disabling hearing loss
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greater than 41 decibels in the good ear
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NIHL caused by
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1) single exposure
2) repeated exposure |
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NIHL is...
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preventable
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Sociocucus
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Hearing loss due to exposure in society
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Normal hearing frequency range
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20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
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presbycusis
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diminishing hearing with age
can't hear above 14,000 Hz |
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Otosclerosis
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calcification of ossicles
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Menieres Disease
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fluid in the ear
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Cochlea
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contains hair cells that transfer mechanical energy to vestibular
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Audiometry
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Measurement of hear ability/loss
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Sensorineural Hearing loss
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Damage to sensory cells or auditory nerve
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4 kHz notch
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characteristic of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL)
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EPA Community noise standard
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55 decibels
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Control methods for hearing
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Engineering
Administrative PPE |
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TWA may never be higher than
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115 dBA
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any type of duration or exposure cannot be higher than
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140 dBA
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HCP
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Hearing Conservatin Program
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HPD
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Hearing Protection Device
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