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119 Cards in this Set
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|
penicillin G
|
gram (+) [uncomplicated], esp S viridians, S pyogenes EXC S aureus
N meningitidis (-) N gonorrhoeae (-) H influenzae (-) |
penicillin |
|
penicillin V
|
Strep (+) [exc S pneumoniae]
L. monocytogenes (+) C. perfringens (+) B. anthracis (+) some gram (-) |
penicillin |
|
methicillin
|
Staph (+) known to make beta-lactamase
|
penicillin (penicillinase-resistant) |
|
nafcillin
|
MSSA/MSSE expressing beta-lactamase
|
penicillin (penicillinase-resistant) |
|
oxacillin
|
Staph a / e expressing beta-lactamase
|
penicillin (penicillinase-resistant) |
|
cloxacillin
|
Staph a / e expressing beta-lactamase
|
penicillin (penicillinase-resistant) |
|
dicloxacillin
|
Staph a / e expressing beta-lactamase
|
penicillin (penicillinase-resistant) |
|
ampicillin
|
gram (+) and (-) not expressing beta-lactamase
|
aminopenicillin |
|
amoxicillin
|
gram (+) and (-) not expressing beta-lactamase
esp H pylori, H. influenzae |
aminopenicillin |
|
bacampicillin
|
gram (+) and (-) not expressing beta-lactamase
|
aminopenicillin |
|
amoxicillin / clavulanic acid
|
gram (+) and (-)
|
aminopenicillin / beta-lactamase inhibitor |
|
ampicillin / sulbactam
|
gram (+) and (-)
|
aminopenicillin / beta-lactamase inhibitor |
|
carbenicillin
|
gram (+) and (-), esp P aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, Enterobacter
exc S aureus |
carboxypenicillin (antipseudomonal) |
|
ticarcillin
|
gram (+) and (-), esp P aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, Enterobacter
exc S aureus |
carboxypenicillin (antipseudomonal) |
|
ticarcillin / clavulanic acid
|
gram (+) and (-), esp P aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, Enterobacter
exc S aureus |
carboxypenicillin (antipseudomonal) |
|
mezlocillin
|
gram (+) and (-), esp (-) like P aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, wound infection, UTI
|
ureidopenicillin (antipseudomonal) |
|
piperacillin
|
gram (+) and (-), esp (-) like P aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, wound infection, UTI
|
ureidopenicillin (antipseudomonal) |
|
piperacillin / tazobactam
|
gram (+) and (-), esp (-) like P aeruginosa, B. fragilis
|
ureidopenicillin (antipseudomonal) |
|
cefazolin
|
most gram(+) cocci
okay at E coli, K pneum., P mirabilis |
cephalosporin G1 |
|
cephalexin
|
most gram(+) cocci
okay at E coli, K pneum., P mirabilis |
cephalosporin G1 |
|
cefadroxil
|
most gram(+) cocci
okay at E coli, K pneum., P mirabilis |
cephalosporin G1 |
|
cefuroxime (parenteral)
|
most gram(+) cocci
H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, and S. pneumoniae |
cephalosporin G2 |
|
cefuroxime axetil
|
most gram(+) cocci
H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, and S. pneumoniae |
cephalosporin G2 |
|
cefoxitin
|
most gram(+) cocci
some g(-): H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, and S. pneumoniae esp B fragilis! |
cephalosporin G2 |
|
cefotetin
|
most gram(+) cocci
some g(-): H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, and S. pneumoniae esp B fragilis! |
cephalosporin G2 |
|
cefaclor
|
most gram(+) cocci
less gram(-), but H influenzae, E coli |
cephalosporin G2 |
|
cefprozil
|
some gram(+) eg S pyogenes, S aureus
some (-), eg B fragilis, E coli, H influenzae |
cephalosporin G2 |
|
loracarbef
|
most gram(+) cocci
less gram(-), but H influenzae, E coli |
carbacephem |
|
cefotaxime
|
broad spectrum
good gram(-): Enterobacteriaceae, H. influenzae, E. coli, N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, Klebsiella sp, Serratia marcescens, Salmonella sp., Proteus sp. |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
ceftizoxime
|
broad spectrum
good gram(-): Enterobacteriaceae, H. influenzae, E. coli, N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, Klebsiella, Serratia marcescens, Salmonella, Proteus |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
ceftriaxone
|
broad spectrum, esp for meningitis
Enterobacteriacaea, N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, H. influenzae Streptococcus |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
cefixime
|
broad spectrum, esp for N gonorrhoeae
H. influenzae, Enterobacteriacaea, Salmonella, Shigella Streptococcus |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
cefdinir
|
H influenzae
S pneumoniae; S aureus and S pyogenes in skin |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
cefpodoxime proxetil
|
H influenzae
S pneumoniae S aureus and S pyogenes in skin |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
cefditoren
|
H influenzae
S pneumoniae S aureus and S pyogenes in skin |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
ceftibuten
|
S pyogenes
|
cephalosporin G3 |
|
ceftazidime
|
gram(-), esp Pseudomonas
weaker at gram(+) |
cephalosporin G3 |
|
cefepime
|
broad spectrum
distinguished by Staph, Strep P aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae |
cephalosporin G4 |
|
ceftaroline fosamil
|
broad spectrum
resistant S aureus, resistant Strep Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriacaea |
cephalosporin G5 |
|
imipenem / cilastatin
|
wide gram(+), potent gram (-) special use
for ESBLs |
carbapenem |
|
meropenem
|
wide gram(+), potent gram (-) special use
for ESBLs |
carbapenem |
|
ertapenem
|
wide gram(+), potent gram (-) special use
for ESBLs NO P aeruginosa |
carbapenem |
|
doripenem
|
wide gram(+), potent gram (-) special use
for ESBLs |
carbapenem |
|
aztreoman
|
mostly gram(-)
|
monolactam |
|
vancomycin
|
gram (+)
|
lipoglycopeptide |
|
telavancin
|
gram (+)
|
lipoglycopeptide |
|
bacitracin
|
gram (+)
Neisseria (-) H. influenzae (-) |
peptidoglycan transport disruptor |
|
polymixin B
|
gram(-), incl P aeruginosa
|
cell membrane disruptor |
|
colistin (polymixin E)
|
gram (-)
esp P. aeruginosa |
cell membrane disruptor |
|
colistimethate (polymixin E)
|
gram (-)
|
cell membrane disruptor |
|
daptomycin
|
gram (+)
incl MRSA, VRE |
cell membrane disruptor |
|
streptomycin
|
gram(-), esp tuberculosis (with another agent), Y pestis
|
aminoglycoside |
|
gentamicin
|
gram(-), esp P aeruginosa
Listeria monocytogenes (g+) with another agent |
aminoglycoside |
|
tobramycin
|
gram(-), esp P aeruginosa (with ticarcillin)
|
aminoglycoside |
|
amikacin
|
gram(-), broadest spectrum of aminoglycosides
esp Mycobacterium avium, TB |
aminoglycoside |
|
neomycin
|
gram(-) plus E faecalis, S aureus
NO P aeruginosa |
aminoglycoside |
|
tetracycline
|
H pylori, Borrelia, V cholerae, C diff
|
tetracycline |
|
oxytetracycline
|
H pylori, Borrelia, V cholerae, C diff
|
tetracycline |
|
minocycline
|
treponema pallidum, n gonorrhoeae, Rickettsia, Borrelia
|
tetracycline |
|
doxycycline
|
treponema pallidum, n gonorrhoeae, Rickettsia, Borrelia
|
tetracycline |
|
tigecycline
|
extended spectrum tcn
|
glycylcycline (tetracycline) |
|
erythromycin base
|
gram(+) RTI,
plus Legionella pneumophila (g-) |
macrolide |
|
erythromycin estolate
|
gram(+)RTI ,
plus Legionella pneumophila (g-) |
macrolide |
|
erythromycin ethysuccinate
|
gram(+) RTI,
plus Legionella pneumophila (g-) |
macrolide |
|
clarithromycin
|
gram(+)
some (-) esp H pylori, H influenzae, MAC |
macrolide |
|
azithromycin
|
gram(+) RTI,
some gram(-) esp H influenzae, otitis media |
macrolide |
|
fidaxomicin
|
C. diff ONLY
|
macrolide |
|
telithromycin
|
esp MDR S pneumoniae
|
ketolide (macrolide) |
|
clindamycin
|
broad spectrum, esp P acnes
P jiroveci but causes C diff |
lincosamide |
|
lincomycin
|
streptococci (+)
|
lincosamide |
|
linezolid
|
gram(+) only, esp MRSA, VISA, VRSA
|
oxolidinone |
|
quinupristin / dalfopristin
|
MDR E. faecium
skin inf: MSSA, S pyogenes |
straptogramins |
|
chloramphenicol
|
wide spectrum, last line
covers meningitis bugs |
protein synthesis inhibitor [no class] |
|
sulfanilamide
|
broad spectrum - not used (pKa 10.5)
|
sulfonamide |
|
sulfadiazine / sulfamerazine / sulfamethazine
|
broad spectrum, esp UTI (E coli, K pneumoniae, Salmonella)
|
sulfonamide |
|
silver / sulfadiazine
|
broad spectrum topical, esp P aeruginosa
also fungi |
sulfonamide |
|
sulfisoxazole
|
broad spectrum, mostly used for gram (-) e.g. UTI (E coli, Salmonella, Shigella), Klebsiella, H influenzae, Proteus
|
sulfonamide |
|
sulfisoxazole / phenazopyridine
|
broad spectrum, mostly used for gram (-) e.g. UTI (E coli, Salmonella, Shigella), Klebsiella, H influenzae, Proteus
Azo - local UT analgesic |
sulfonamide |
|
sulfisoxazole acetyl / E.E.S.
|
broad spectrum, esp otitis media
|
sulfonamide / macrolide |
|
sulfamethoxazole
|
wide spectrum
also T gondii (protozoa) |
sulfonamide |
|
sulfacetamide
|
broad spectrum, for ophthalmic use
|
sulfonamide |
|
trimethoprim
|
synergism with sulfamethoxazole
|
dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor |
|
sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim
|
very wide spectrum - all the bugs
even some MRSA, T gondii, P jiroveci (protozoal) |
sulfonamide |
|
nalidixic acid
|
gram(-), esp E coli, M morganii, Proteus, P rettgeri
NO P aeroginosa |
quinolone |
|
norfloxacin
|
broadish spectrum, mainly gram(-), esp P aeruginosa
|
fluoroquinolone (G2) |
|
ciprofloxacin
|
broadish spectrum, mainly gram(-), esp P aeruginosa, B anthracis, household prevention for meningitis
|
fluoroquinolone (G2) |
|
ofloxacin
|
broadish spectrum, incl E coli UTI
|
fluoroquinolone (G2) |
|
levofloxacin
|
broader spectrum, incl MDR Strep
|
fluoroquinolone (G2) |
|
gatifloxacin
|
broader spectrum, incl S pneumoniae
|
fluoroquinolone (G3) |
|
moxifloxacin
|
intracellular / anaerobes, e.g. Bacteroides
esp Strep pneumoniae NOT for UTI |
fluoroquinolone (G4) |
|
gemifloxacin
|
best gram(+) of FQs, esp MDR S pneumoniae
some gram (-) anaerobes, e.g. Bacteroides |
fluoroquinolone (G4) |
|
besifloxacin
|
broad spectrum, conjunctivitis
|
fluoroquinolone |
|
methenamine / hippuric acid
|
UTI, nearly all bacteria except Proteus
|
adjunct UTI agent |
|
nitrofurantoin powder
|
UTI, E coli and Enterococci only
|
UTI agent |
|
nitrofurantoin macrocrystals
|
UTI, E coli and Enterococci only
|
UTI agent |
|
nitrofurantoin macrocrystals / gel polymer
|
UTI, E coli and Enterococci only
|
UTI agent |
|
metronidazole
|
anaerobic cocci and bacilli (e.g. Bacteroides)
amoebiasis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis, C diff DoC |
anti-parasitic |
|
quinine
|
malaria merozoicide (gameticide for vivax, malariae)
NOT DoC |
anti-parasitic |
|
quinidine
|
malaria merozoicide (gameticide for vivax, malariae)
NOT DoC |
anti-parasitic |
|
diloxanide furoate
|
special use (through CDC): entamoeba hystolitica
|
anti-parasitic |
|
atovaquone
|
P jiroveci, T gondii
|
anti-parasitic |
|
atovaquone / proguanil
|
P falciparum (chloroquine resistant) - prophylaxis and treatment
|
anti-parasitic |
|
chloroquine
|
malaria DoC esp relapse suppression
also E hystolitica |
anti-parasitic |
|
hydroxychloroquine
|
malaria DoC esp relapse suppression
also E hystolitica |
anti-parasitic |
|
mefloquine
|
chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium
|
anti-parasitic |
|
pyrimethamine
|
chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium
|
anti-parasitic |
|
paromomycin
|
E hystolitica
|
anti-parasitic |
|
trimetrexate
|
pneumocystis (with Leucovorin)
|
anti-parasitic |
|
nitazoxanide
|
special use: giardia lamblia
|
anti-parasitic |
|
tinidazole
|
trichomoniasis, giardiasis, amoebiasis
|
anti-parasitic |
|
γ-benzene hexachloride
|
Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies) and Pediculus sp. (lice) in >110lb
|
anti-ectoparasitic |
|
pyrethryins
|
Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies) and Pediculus sp. (lice)
|
anti-ectoparasitic |
|
permithrin
|
Sarcoptes scabiei (Scabies - 5%) and Pediculus sp. (lice - 1%)
|
anti-ectoparasitic |
|
spinosad (spynocin A and D)
|
pediculus (lice) in > 4yo
|
anti-ectoparasitic |
|
mebendazole
|
nematodes
|
antihelmintic |
|
albendazole
|
nematodes
|
antihelmintic |
|
ivermectin
|
Onchocerciasis DoC
nematode: pinworm, roundworm |
antihelmintic |
|
praziquantel
|
cestode, trematode
|
antihelmintic |
|
pyrantel pamoate
|
nematodes
|
antihelmintic |
