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47 Cards in this Set

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H2 blockers: what is the suffix
"-dine" Table for 2 at the diner
H2 blockers: name some
1. Cimetidine
2. Ranitidine
3. Famotidine
4. Nizatidine
H2 blockers: mechanism
Reversible blockade of histamine receptor on basolateral side of parietal cells
Causes parietal cells to decrease HCl secretion
H2 blockers: use
1. Peptic ulcers
2. Gastritis
3. GERD
H2 blockers: what are some toxiciites of cimetidine
1. Inhibits P450
2. Antiandrogenic - gynocomastia, prolactin release, decreases libido
3. Crosses BBB - headaches and dizziness
4. Crosses placenta
H2 blockers: which ones affect renal function and what do they do
Cimetidine and ranitidine both decrease renal excretion of creatinine (increased serum creatine)
PPI: what is the suffix
"-prazole"
PPI: name some
1. Omeprazole
2. Lansoprazole
PPI: machanism
Inhibition of parietal cell H/K ATPase
PPI: use
1. PUD
2. Gastritis
3. GERD
4. Zollinger-Ellison
Bismuth and sucralfate: mechanism
Bind to ulcer base which establishes physical protection from HCl, also allows bicarb to come back in an establish protect alkaline pH gradient
Bismuth and sucralfate: use
1. Speed ulcer healing
2. Traveler's diarrhea
What drugs are used for H. Pylori
"Please Make A Tummy Better"
P = PPI
M = metronidazole
A = amoxicillin
T = teracycline
B = bismuth
Misoprostol: what is it
PGE1 analog
Misoprostol: mechanism
1. Increased production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier
2. Inhibits H/K pump (Gi --> decreased cAMP)
Misoprostol: use
1. Prevention of NSAID induced peptic ulcers
2. Maintenance of a PDA
3. Labor induction
Misoprostol: contraindication and why
Pregnant women because it induces abortion
Misoprostol: toxicity
Diarrhea
Antimuscarinics: mech
1. Block M1 receptors on ECL cells -- decreased histamine
2. Block M3 receptors on parietal cells -- decreased HCl
Antimuscarinics: name some
1. Pirenzepine
2. Propatheline
Antimuscarinics: use
Rarely used - peptic ulcers
Antimuscarinics: toxicity
RHOMBOID without the vowels
Infliximab: what is it
Monoclonal antibody to TNF
Infliximab: GI use
Chron's disease
Infliximab: toxicity
Respiratory infections (TB reactivation), fever, hypotension
Antacids: mech
Lowers gastric pH
Antacids: affect on other drugs
Can affect any pharmacokinetic property (ADME) of another drug by altering gastric/urinary pH
Antacids: what do they do to gastric emptying
Delays gastric emptying
Antacids: what are the 3 types
1. CaOH
2. MgOH
3. Ca carbonate
Antacids: what are the toxiticties of AlOH
1. Constipation - "almininum amount of feces"
2. Hypophosphatemia
3. Proximal muscle weakness
4. Osteodystrophy
5. Seizures
Antacids: what are the toxiticties of MgOH
1. Diarrhea - "Mg = must go"
2. Hyporeflexia
3. Hypotension
4. Cardiac arrest
Antacids: what are the toxiticties of calcium carbonate
1. Hypercalcemia
2. Reboud acid production
3. Chelation with other drugs (e.g. tetracyclines) -- decreased drug effectiveness
Antacids: is a common side effect of all of them
Hypokalemia
Sulfasalazine: combination of what
1. Sulfapyradine -- abx
2. 5-amino-salicylic acid -- antiinflammatory
Sulfasalazine: how does it become activated
Gets activated by colonic bacteria
Sulfasalazine: use
1. Ulcerative colitis
2. Chron's disease
Sulfasalazine: toxicity
1. Malaise
2. Nausea
3. Sulfonamide toxicity
3. Reversible oligospermia
Ondasetron: mech
5-HT3 antagonist
Ondasetron: usage
This is a centrally acting anti-emetic:
1. Post-operative nausea
2. Used to control nasuea in chemo patients
Ondasetron: toxicity
Headache and constipation
Metaclopramide: mech
D2 antagonist
Metaclopramide: effect
1. Increases bowel resting tone and contractility (contracts smooth muscle)
2. Increases LES tone and motility
Metaclopramide: what does it not alter
Does not change colon transport time
Metaclopramide: usage
Gastroparesis is DM and post-surgery
Metaclopramide: toxicity
1. Parkinsonism
2. Restlessness
3. Fatigue
4. Depression
5. Nausea and diarrhea
Metaclopramide: interacts with what drugs
1. Digoxin
2. Diabetic drugs
Metaclopramide: contraindicated in whom
Patients with small bowel obstruction