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9 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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What are the 4 types of herniation?
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1. Subfalcine (cingulate) herniation
2. Central herniation 3. Uncal herniation 4. Cerebellar herniation |
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Cingulate hernitation: describe
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hemishpere gets pushed under the falx cerebri
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Cingulate hernitation: what can it compress
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anterior cerebral artery
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Central downard herniation: describe
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brain moves centrally either up or down across the tentorium (also called a transtentorial herniation)
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Uncal hernitation: describe
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central part of the temporal lobe called the uncus gets squeezed so much that it puts pressure on the midbrain
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Cerebellar herniation: describe
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cerebellar tonsils get squeezed through the foramen magnum
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What happens if the brain stem is compressed by any of these herniations?
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Coma and death
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What are the symptoms of an uncal herniation and why do they happen?
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1. Ipsilateral CNIII palsy
2. Contralateral homonymous heminopsia - compression of the ipsilateral post cerebral artery 3. Ipsilateral paresis - compression of contralateral crus cerebri (Kernhan's notch) 4. Duret hemorrhage - rupture of the small parenchymal vessels leads to compression of brain stem |
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Which of the uncal herniation symptoms is a false localizing sign?
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Ipsilateral paresis
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