abd normal psych - chapert one fall 2008

a psychological dysfunction that is associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected

actions that are unexpected and often evaluated negatively because they differ from typical or unusual behavior

deviation from the average or the usual

sudden beginning of a disease or a disorder

a person's age when he or she develops or exhibits sx's of a disease or condition

safe refuge; an institution to house mental disordered people

array of therapy methods based on the principles of behavioral and cognitive science as well as principles of learning as applied to clinical problems. it considers specific behaviors rather than inferred conflict as legitimate targets for change.

explanation of human behavior, including dysfunction, based on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental psychology

explanation of psychological dysfunction that primarily emphasized brain disorder or illness as the cause

the fear in young boys that they will be mutilated genitally because of their lust for their mothers

rapid or sudden release of emotional tension thought to be an important factor in psychoanalytic therapy

fundamental learning process that described by Pavlov.

an event that automatically elicits a response is paired with another stimulus event that does not (a neutral stimulus) After repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus\that by itself can elicit the desired response.

person who has earned a PhD or related degree in psychology and is trained to conduct reasearch into the causes and treatment of severe psychological disorders as well as to diagnose, assess, and treat them

psychodynamic concept this is accumulated wisdom of a culture collected and re-member ed across generations

collective unconscious

learned reaction that is elicited by a conditioned stimulus following classical conditioning

process where behavior is learned or modified thru interaction with the environment

environmental event that acquires the ability to elicit a learned response as a result of classical conditioning associated with an unconditioned stimulus

a pattern of behavior for dealing with anxiety-arousing situation

PhD in psych trained to study and treat adjustment and vocational issues in relatively healthy people

psychoanalytic concept involving person issues the therapist brings to professional relationships with clients

pattern of development and change of a disorder over time

patterns of development in a disorder that help predict its future course. (recurrence, time sequences, and seasonal patterns.)

patterns of behavior to use as coping styles when they occur in moderation, observed in response to particular situation.

defensed mechanisms in the unconscious processes originating where

study of changes in behavior that occur over time

Defense mechanism i which a person directs a problem impulse toward a safe substitute

psychoanalytic therapy method in which dream contents are examined as symbolic of id impulses and intrapsychic conflicts

situation in which an emotional reaction spreads from one individual to others nearby

rapid or sudden release of emotional tension thought to be an important factor in psychoanalytic therapy

fundamental learning process that described by Pavlov.

an event that automatically elicits a response is paired with another stimulus event that does not (a neutral stimulus) After repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus\that by itself can elicit the desired response.

person who has earned a PhD or related degree in psychology and is trained to conduct reasearch into the causes and treatment of severe psychological disorders as well as to diagnose, assess, and treat them

psychodynamic concept this is accumulated wisdom of a culture collected and re-member ed across generations

collective unconscious

learned reaction that is elicited by a conditioned stimulus following classical conditioning

process where behavior is learned or modified thru interaction with the environment

environmental event that acquires the ability to elicit a learned response as a result of classical conditioning associated with an unconditioned stimulus

a pattern of behavior for dealing with anxiety-arousing situation

condition of sharing and undertanding of a another person

pattern of a disorder alternating between recovery and recurrence

cause or source of a disorder

a religious ritual that gets the demons from thier body

the procedure of removing that reinforcement or pairing

in psychoanalysis, stopping or concentrating at a psychosexual stage because of a lack of appropriate gratification at that stage

therapy technique intended to explore threatening material repressed into the unconscious. the patient is instructed to say what ever comes to mind without censoring

monitoring of a desired behavior, ie,sleeping or compliance by children, less and less frequently to encourange independence

ranking of human needs from basic food to self acturalization by abraham maslow

ancient belief that psychological disorders were caused by imbalances in bodily humors or fluids

bodily fluids (blood, black and yellow bile, and phlegm)that early theorists believed controlled normal and abnormal functioning

the unconscious psychical entity present at birth representing basic drives

the psych entity responsible for finding realistic and practical ways to satisfy id drives

number of new cases of a disorder appearing during a specific time period

feeling of being inferior to others while striving for superiority

development of a disorder that occurs gradual over an extended period of time.

opposite of insidious onset is

a term that is compared with prevalence

recognition of the causes of emotional distress

dangerous biological treatment involving the administration of large doses of insulin to induce seizures

the struggles among the id ego and superego

in object relations theory, the process of incorporating memories and values of individuals who are important and close to the person

early, nonscientific approach to the study of psychology involving systematic attempts to report thoughts and feelings that specific stimuli evoked

to be shy and withdrawn

Thorndike's principle that behaviors are strengthened or weakened by the environmental events that follow them

the energy with the id that drives people toward life and fullment

the study of psychological disorders over the entire age range

perjorative, negative term for asylums, the institutions of refuge for the mentally disordered

interventions for the relationship of problems of couples, whether married or not

phenomenon in which people in groups share the same fear, delusion, abnormal behavior, or even physical sx's as a result of psychological processes and suggestion

psychological disorder

mid 19th century effort to improve care of the mentally disordered by informing the public of their mistreatment

19th century psychosocial approach to treatment that involved treating patients as normally as possible in normal environments

a lay term for a severe psychological upset that actually has no meaning in scientific or professional psychopathology

obsolete psycho dynamic term for psychological disorder thought to result from unconscious conflicts and the anxiety they cause

modern development in psycho-dynamic theory involving the study of how children incorporate the memories and values of people who are close and important to them

the intrapsyychic struggle within a young boy between his lust for his mother and his fear of castration because of it. the resolution of this complex results in development of the superego

fundamental behavioral learning process in which responses are modified by their consequences (reinforcers, punishers, extinction, and so on)

pt is aware of or oriented to person, place and time, (Pt's identity, location and time)

therapy method in which the client, rather that the counselor, primarily directs the course of discussion, seeking self discovery and self responsibility

disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear of an object or a situation

tendency to seek pleasure and minimize discomfort

original complaint reported by the client to the therapist.

number of people displaying a disorder in the total population at any given time

Freudian notion that anxiety reduction is the principal reinforcement obtained for the display of psychological sx's

the id's characteristic mode of thinking, which is emotional, irrational, and preoccupied with sex, aggression, and envy

predicted future development of a disorder over time

nurse who specializes in care and treatment of psych patients, usually in a hospital setting

person who has earned a master of social work (MSW) or occasionally, a doctor of social work (DSW) trained to work withsocial agencies to help psychologically disordered clients and their families

MD degree, specialized in psychiatry during residency training. trained to investigated primarily the biological nature and causes of psychiatric disorders,and to dx and treat them as well

psychoanalytic assessment and therapy, which emphasizes exploration of and insight into unconscious processes and conflicts

father of psychoanalysis

therapist who practices psychoanalysis after earning either an m.d. or PhD.d plus additional specialized post doctoral training

a theory that seeks to account for the development and structure o personality as well as the origin of abnormal behavior, based primarily on infereeed inner entities and forces.

psychoanalytic model

contemportay version of psychoanalysis that still emphasize unconscious processes and conflicts but is briefer and more focused on specific problems

psychological dysfunction associated with distress or impairment in functioning that is not a typical or culturally expected response.

explanation of human behavior and its dysfunction that emphasizes the influence of the social environment and early experience

scientific study of psychological disorders

outdated term, similar to psychosomatic medicine, for the study of psychological and social factors influencing physical disorders. th term is misleading because it falsely implies that other psychological problems such as mood disorders do not also have signififcant biological componetnts

in psychoanalysis, the sequence of phases a person passes through during development. Each state is named for the location on the body where id gratification is maximal at that time.

treatment practices that focus on social and cultural factors such as family experience as well as psychological influences. these approaches incluse cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal metholds.

known as reserpine, an early med derived from the snake root plant that helps control the agitation and aggressiveness of some psychotic patients

the logical reasoning style of the ego that ensures actions are practical and realistic

in operant conditioning, consequences for behavior that strengthen it or increase it frequency. Positive reinforcement involves the contingent delivery of a desired consequence; a negative reinforcement is the contingent escape from an aversive consequence. Unwatned behaviors may reeeqult from their reinforcemnt, or the failure to reinforce s\desired behaviors.

reappearance of or return to problem behaviors after treatment or recovery

concept involving recollections of traumatic events actively eliminated from memory. Controversy surrounds whether recall that seems to occur years later is real or accurate

a process that forces unwanted material from the conscious to the unconscious

rauwofia serpentina

instance of mass hysteria in which groups of people experiences a simultaneous compulsion to dance and shout in the streets.

expectation that mental health professionals will apply scientific methods to their work. They must keep current in the latest research on dx and treatment, they must evaluate their own methods for effectiveness, and they may generate their own research to discover new knowledge of disorders and their treatment.

in operant conditioning, the pattern of consequences following a behavior based on the number of responses emitted or the time intervals between them.

process emphasized in humanistic psychology in which people strive to achieve their highest potential against difficult life experiences

% of people with a disorder who are male and female

in operant conditioning, the development of a new response by reinforcing successively more similar versions of that response. Both desirable and undesirable behaviors may be learned in theis manner.

biological interventions that include medication, ect, and psycho-surgery

psycho-dynamic defense mechanism in which the person redirects energy from conflict and anxiety into more constrjuctive outlets, such as work

the psychical entity representing the internalized moral standards of parents and society

psycho-dynamic assertion that if overty problme behavior (the sx) is treated without illuminating the underlying conflict will reemerge in the new ,perhapsworse, symptons.

behavioral therapy technique to diminish excessive fears, involving radical exposure to the feared stimulus paired with a positive coping experience, usually relazation

tarantism

Freudian concept of a human drive toward death and destruction

condition in which a disorder improves on its own in a relatively brief period of time

psychoanalytic concept suggesting that clients may seek to relate to the therapist as they do to important authority figures, paraticulary their parents

acceptance by the counselor of the client's feelings and actions without judgement or condemnation

in classical conditioning, the natural or unlearned reaction to the unconditioned stimulus stimulus

environmental event that would elicit a response in almost anyone and requires no learning in classical conditioning, it is paired with a neutral stimulus that, after training, mayh become s conditioned stimulus

part of the psychic makeup that is outside the awareness of the person