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20 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Side-to-side upper extremity pressure differences in excess of __ mm are abnormal
20 mm side-to-side difference
Describe the cold stimulation test.
Used to demonstrate autonomic vascular dysfunction in vasospastic
patients
Normal patient: takes 10 minutes to return to baseline after cold stimulus
>20 minutes to return to baseline is abnormal
Can help predict result of surgical sympathectomy
What patient population is especially at risk for Buerger’s disease?
Smokers
ln which direction does the disease progress?
Distal to proximal; disease is more severe peripherally
What population is especially at risk?
Elderly women
What are the common diagnostic methods for polymyalgia rheumatica?
Temporal artery biopsy
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) elevation
What other bodily regions may also be affected?
Shoulders
Pelvic girdle
What is the treatment?
High-dose steroids
Arterial reconstruction
What population is especially at risk?
Young females
What is the mechanism of disease?
lntimal proliferation
What population is especially at risk?
Middle-aged women
What is the angiographic appearance of primary Raynaud’s?
Generally normal
What are examples of potential causes?
Vascular disease
CREST syndrome (calcinosis cutis,
Raynaud’s phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia)
Lupus
Dermatomyositis
What population is especially at risk for vascular disease?
Elderly men
What is the angiographic appearance of Raynaud’s phenomenon?
Abnormal
Does atherosclerotic disease more commonly affect the left or the right upper extremity?
More commonly affects the left subclavian (may result in subclavian steal syndrome)
What muscles are most often affected with Volkmann’s contracture?
FPL
FDP
It is associated with an intrinsic ___hand.
Minus
Only the most severe cases also involve what muscle groups?
Extensors
What is the pathologic manifestation of polyarteritis nodosa?
Aneurysms of small vessels (e.g., digital arteries)