• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Front

How to study your flashcards.

Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key

Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key

H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

Progress

1/17

Click to flip

Card Range To Study

through

17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what are the three main mechanisms of acidosis?
increased acid production

loss of bicarbonate or bicarbonate precursors

decreased acid excretion
what are the two types of metabolic acidosis
normal anion gap

and

increased anion gap
what is normal anion gap metabolic acidosis also called?
hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
how is the anion gap (AG) calculated?
AG = Na - ( HCO3 + Cl )
what is the mechanism of acidosis in normal anion gap acidosis?
loss of bicarbonate or bicarbonate precursors

or

decreased acid secretion (except chronic kidney disease)
what is the mechanism of acidosis in increased anion gap acidosis?
increased acid production

mnemonic:
increased AG acidosis --> increased acid production
what are the principal causes for normal anion gap acidosis?
intestinal loss

and

renal tubular acidosis
what are the principal causes of acidosis in increased anion gap acidosis?
lactic acidosis

ketoacidosis

ingestions
what are causes for ketoacidosis?
diabetic

alcoholic

starvation/ fasting
what are examples of ingestions leading to acidosis?
methanol
ethylene glycol

aspirin

toluene (early)
what are the principal mechanisms for normal anion gap acidosis?
loss of bicarbonate in intestine or kidney (proximal RTA, type II)

or

decreased acid secretion in kidney (RTA type I and IV)
what are the correctional values in acute respiratory acidosis?
increase in bicarbonate by 1 mmol/l per 10 mmHg increase in pCO2
what are the correctional values in chronic respiratory acidosis?
increase in bicarbonate by 3.5 mmol/l per 10 mmHg increase in pCO2
what are the correctional values in metabolic acidosis?
decrease in pCO2 by 1,2 mmHg per 1 mmol/l decrease in bicarbonate
what are the correctional values in metabolic alkalosis?
increase in pCO2 by 0.6 mmHg per 1 mmol/l increase in bicarbonate
what are the correctional values in acute respiratory alkalosis?
decrease in bicarbonate by 2 mmol/l per 10 mmHg decrease in pCO2
what are the correctional values in chronic respiratory alkalosis?
decrease in bicarbonate by 4-5 mmol/l per 10 mmHg decrease in pCO2