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26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
variable
a characteristic that differs among individuals
population
a group of similar kinds of things
discrete data
categorized data, no in-betweens

nominal and ordinal
nominal data
names, labels with no order
ordinal data
ranking scale, labels have order
median
middlemost score
continuous data
points taken along a scale that could be subdivided, infinite values

interval and ratio
interval scale
no real zero

ex. temperature
ratio scale
have a true zero

ex. length
choosing the type of data
depends on type of measurements needed to answer your question. Continuous data is preferred due to reliable statistical tests.
central tendencies
mean, median, mode

tell little on own, misleading at times

more useful when used in stat tests
mean
average

can be strongly influenced by outlyers or extremes
median
middle value

useful because not influenced by outlyers
mode
most common value

rarely used
frequency histogram
bar graph
ordinate
vertical axis
abscissa
horizontal axis
uniform distribution
same number of each value
skewed distribution
data not evenly distributed on either side of the most frequent value
bimodal distribution
data fall into two groups
normal distribution
values equally spread out on either side of a central high point

bell shape curve

if data fit perfect normal distribution, the mean, median, and mode would be the same figure
dispersion
spread of data about the mean
range
the difference between the lowest and highest values
variance
square of standard deviation
points of inflection
points on normal distribution curve at which the curve changes from convex to concave
standard deviation
the distance between the mean point on the baseline and the point of inflection