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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a sensory receptor?
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specialized cell or cell process that provides
information about conditions inside or outside the body |
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What are general senses?
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Distributed throughout the body and simple in structure
Detect external or internal environment Sensations of: pain, touch, pressure, vibration, chemical, temperature, proprioception (body position) Sensations arrive at the somatosensory cortex |
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What are special senses?
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Structurally more complex
Receptors are located in complex SENSE ORGANS Smell, taste, balance (equilibrium), hearing and vision Sensations arrive at specific areas of cerebral cortex |
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What are phasic receptors?
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Phasic receptors normally are inactive. Provide information on the intensity & rate of change of a stimulus
– fast-adapting receptors (activity declines) Touch, pressure & smell -Adaptation = reduction in sensitivity in presence of a constant stimulus |
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What are tonic receptors?
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Tonic receptors are slow-adapting – always active, little adaptation
Photoreceptors of eye, proprioceptors -Adaptation = reduction in sensitivity in presence of a constant stimulus |
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What are the different classifications of general senses?
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Exteroceptor, proprioceptors, interoceptors
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What are nocioceptors?
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pain, tissue damage
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What is referred pain?
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referred pain – visceral pain sensations perceived as originating in superficial regions innervated by the same spinal nerves.
3 types extremes of temperature mechanical damage dissolved chemicals (released by injured cells) |
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What are thermoreceptors?
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temperature change
found in skin, skeletal muscles, liver, hypothalamus free nerve endings 4 X’s more cold receptor than warm PHASIC receptors – rate of change & intensity |
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What are mechanoreceptors and the different types?
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Mechanoreceptor - contact or pressure
stimuli stretch, compress, twist, distort cell membranes free nerve endings to specialized complexes Types: tactile – touch, pressure, vibration baroreceptor – pressure change proprioceptors – position of joints & muscles |
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What are chemoreceptors?
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. Chemoreceptors - chemical composition of body fluids
changes in pH; O2, CO2 concentrations; CSF respiratory centers, carotid arteries, aortic arch, bladder, colon |
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What is a lamellated corpuscle and where is it found?
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Tactile receptor located in skin
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What is olfaction?
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Smell
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What part of the olfactory complex contains the olfactory receptor cells?
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Olfactory cilium with specific membrane sensitivies - distinctions between thousands of chemical stimuli –10 to 20 million olfactory receptor cells
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What are gustatory receptors?
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Taste buds of the tongue recessed on the sides of papillae
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What are the 4 primary taste sensations?
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sweet, salt, sour, bitter
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What are the anatomical divisions of the ear?
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External ear – external acoustic meatus to tympanic membrane
Middle ear – 3 auditory ossicles Inner ear – 3 sensory organs for equilibrium and hearing |
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What is the function of the external ear?
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External ear collects the sound waves and protects the narrow canal (external auditory meatus) to the “ear drum” (tympanic membrane) a thin sheet of connective tissue
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What are the 3 auditory ossicles?
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The 3 auditory ossicles = tiny bones are smallest in the body amplify the sound waves and transmit them
MALLEUS, INCUS, STAPES From the tympanic membrane to the oval window |
