- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Function of QL?
|
extends and laterally flexes trunk, important for balance
|
|
Attachments of QL?
|
12th rib, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae to iliac crest
|
|
What nerves cross over the QL?
|
subcostal, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal
|
|
Function of psoas major muscle?
|
flexes hip, stabilizes trunk
|
|
Attachments of psoas major.
|
T12-L5 vertebrae to lesser trochanter
|
|
What is embedded within the psoas major?
|
the lumbar plexus
|
|
Where does the psoas minor insert when present?
|
on the pubis
|
|
Function of iliacus muscle?
|
strong hip flexor, synergist with psoas major
|
|
Attachments of iliacus.
|
iliac fossa to lesser trochanter
|
|
What does subcostal nerve innervate?
|
motor and sensory to anterior abdominal wall
|
|
Levels of lumbar plexus?
|
L1-L4 ANTERIOR RAMI
|
|
What nerves does the lumbar trunk give rise to? (7)
|
iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, lateral femoral cutaneous, obturator, lumbosacral trunk, genitofemoral, femoral
|
|
Levels of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves?
|
L1
|
|
What do ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves innervate? (sensory and motor)
|
sensory: skin of superolateral buttocks and superomedial thigh (and inguinal and pubic regions)
motor: abdominal mm. (int. obl., transversus abdominis) |
|
Level of genitofemoral nerve?
|
L1-L2
|
|
What does the femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve innervate?
|
skin of anterosuperior thigh
|
|
What does the genital branch of genitofemoral nerve innervate?
|
skin of genitalia, motor to cremaster mm.
|
|
Level of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?
|
L2-L3
|
|
What does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve innervate?
|
sensory to anterolateral thigh
|
|
Level of femoral nerve?
|
L2-L4
|
|
What does the femoral nerve innervate?
|
Sensory: skin of anteromedial thigh, also part of knee, leg and foot via the saphenous n., hip and knee joints
motor: anterior thigh mm. |
|
Level of obturator nerve?
|
L2-L4
|
|
What does the obturator nerve innervate?
|
Sensory: medial thigh
Motor: medial thigh mm. |
|
What is the accessory obturator nerve?
|
only about 10% of people have it, it doesn't go through the obturator canal but instead goes over the pelvic brim, provides motor to pectineus and sensory to hip joint when present
|
|
Level of lumbosacral trunk?
|
L4 L5
|
|
Levels of sacral plexus?
|
S1-S4
|
|
Levels of lumbosacral plexus?
|
L2-S4
|
|
Level of sciatic nerve?
|
L4-S3
|
|
What does the sciatic nerve innervate?
|
posterior thigh mm. and then the branches innervate the leg and foot
|
|
Level of tibial nerve?
|
L4-S3
|
|
What level is the common fibular nerve?
|
L4-S2 (post. division of ant. rami)
|
|
Level of superior gluteal nerve?
|
L4-S1
|
|
What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
|
gluteus minimus and medius, tensor fascia lata
|
|
Level of inferior gluteal nerve?
|
L5-S2
|
|
What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
|
gluteus maximus
|
|
Level of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?
|
S2 S3
|
|
What does the post. femoral cutaneous nerve innervate?
|
posterior thigh, also posterior buttocks (via inferior clunial nn)
|
|
What level is nerve to piriformis?
|
S1-S2
|
|
What level is the nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus?
|
L5-S2
|
|
What level is the nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus?
|
L5-S1
|
|
What vein drains the gluteal region?
|
the internal iliac vein
|
|
What is superficial inguinal lymphadenopathy?
|
enlargement of superficial inguinal lymph nodes, exam should include all areas that drain to this region including abdomen inferior to umbilicus, perineum, gluteal region, and entire LE
|
|
When do limb buds appear in the developing fetus? When does rotation occur?
|
buds by 4th week, rotation by 7th week
|
|
What is the intermuscular septa?
|
it separates the thigh into compartments (ant., medial, post.), has a common attachment to the linea aspera, continuous with fascia lata
|
|
Function of iliopsoas muscle.
|
primary hip flexor, lateral rotation
|
|
What innervates the iliopsoas muscle?
|
iliacus portion=femoral nerve L2-L3
psoas portion=lumbar plexus (L1) L2-L4 |
|
Function of sartorius muscle?
|
hip flexor, abductor, lateral rotator
|
|
What innervates sartorius?
|
femoral nerve
|
|
Function of quadriceps muscle?
|
main knee extensor (has 4 heads that unite at quadriceps tendon)
|
|
What are the 4 portions of the quadriceps muscle?
|
1)rectus femoris
2)vastus lateralis 3)vastus medialis 4)vastus intermedius |
|
What is the patella?
|
a sesamoid bone in the quadriceps tendon, it provides protection and leverage, patellar reflex test L4
|
|
What is the function of the pectineus muscle?
|
adductor, weak flexor
|
|
What dermatome levels correspond with the anterior thigh?
|
L1-L3 ( L4 may supply lateral knee =patellar reflex)
|
|
What nerve innervates the adductor longus muscle?
|
obturator nerve
|
|
What nerve innervates the adductor brevis muscle?
|
obturator nerve
|
|
Attachments of adductor longus muscle?
|
pubis to lower 1/3 of linea aspera
|
|
Attachments of adductor brevis muscle?
|
pubis to middle 1/3 of linea aspera
(deep to adductor longus) |
|
What is the largest muscle of the medial thigh compartment?
|
adductor magnus
|
|
Function of adductor portion of adductor magnus?
Hamstring portion? |
adductor-adducts thigh, flexes hip
hamstring-adducts thigh, extends hip |
|
What nerve innervates the adductor portion of the addcutor magnus?
|
obturator nerve
|
|
What nerve innervates the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus?
|
sciatic nerve (tibial division)
|
|
Function of gracilis muscle?
|
very long and slender so pretty weak, synergistic with the sartorius and semitendinosus, most medial muscle
|
|
What does the obturator arterly supply?
|
"nearest neighbors" , adductor muscles, femur head
|
|
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
|
sartorius, inguinal ligament, adductor longus
|
|
What forms the floor of the femoral triangle?
|
iliopsoas and pectineus
|
|
What are the contents of the femoral triangle?
|
neurovasculature and fascial sheath
N(AVel)=femoral nerve, artery, vein, empty space, lymphatics AVel=in femoral sheath |
|
What are the 3 compartments of the femoral sheath and what is contained in each of them?
|
lateral=femoral artery
intermediate=femoral vein medial (also called femoral canal)=lymphatics, fat, loose CT, allows expansion during venous return |
|
Describe femoral hernias
|
about 3% of hernias, more common in females b/c of wider pelvis, abdominal viscera enters femoral canal, bulge is inferior to inguinal lig. and inferolateral to pubic tubercle
|
|
Describe the adductor (hunter) canal.
|
from femoral triangle to adductor hiatus, conducts Neurovasculature to politeal fossa, contains femoral A/V and saphenous nerve
|
|
Attachments of piriformis?
|
sacrum through greater sciatic foramen to greater trochanter
|
|
What is the function and attachment of quadratus femoris?
|
lateral rotator and stabilizer, from ischial tuberosity? to intertrochanteric crest
|
|
What nerve innervates obturator externus? What compartment is it found in? Function?
|
obturator nerve, in medial compartment, lateral rotator and stabilizer
|
|
Attachments of obturator externus?
|
trochanteric fossa to bone near medial side of obturator foramen
|
|
Function of tensor fascia lata muscle?
|
abducts the thigh
|
|
Innervation of tensor fascia lata?
|
superior gluteal nerve
|
|
Attachments of tensor fascia lata?
|
ASIS/iliac crest to iliotibial tract (IT band)
|
|
Function of gluteus maximus muscle?
|
extends the thigh, esp. from flexed position (ex rise from sitting position)
|
|
Attachments of gluteus maximus?
|
sacrum to
deep insertion: gluteal tuberosity superficial: IT tract |
|
Function of gluteus medius and minimus?
|
abduct the thigh (esp. while walking)
|
|
Attachments of gluteus minimus and medius?
|
ilium to greater trochanter
|
|
What is the Trendelenburg sign?
|
when there is damage to the superior gluteal nerve it affects the hip abductors and causes hip drop on the contralateral side of the damage, walking typified by overcompensation=leaning trunk on affected side (waddling gait)
|
|
What is IT band syndrome?
|
inflammation of the IT band over the lateral epicondyle of the femur and/or greater trochanter
overuse injury: hip extension + knee flexion |
|
What is the ischial bursa?
|
between the gluteus max. and ischial tuberosity
|
|
What is the trochanteric bursa?
|
between gluteus maximus and the greater trochanter
|
|
What is the gluteofemoral bursa?
|
between IT tract and vastus lateralis
|
|
Function of semitendinosus.
|
extends the thigh, flex leg, medially rotate leg w/knee flexed
|
|
What is the distal attachment of semitendinosus?
|
superomedial tibia
|
|
Function of semimembranosus muscle?
|
extend thigh, flex leg, medially rotate leg w/knee flexed
|
|
Distal attachment of semimembranosus?
|
broad attachment to medial condyle of tibia that is continuous with oblique popliteal lig. of the knee
-deep to semitendinosus |
|
Function of long head of biceps femoris muscle?
Short head? |
extend thigh and flex leg, laterally rotate leg w/knee flexed
short head=flexes leg |
|
Attachments of long head of biceps femoris?
|
ischial tuberosity to fibula head
|
|
Innervation of long head of biceps femoris?
Short head? |
long=sciatic tibial division
short=sciatic common fibular division |
|
Attachments of short head of biceps femoris?
|
linea aspera to fibula head
|
|
What protects the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region?
The thigh? |
gluteal=gluteus maximus
thigh=long head of biceps femoris |
|
What is pes ansurinus (goose's foot)?
|
the common tendinous attachment at the medial condyle of the tibia of :
sartorius (ant. comp), gracilis (medial comp), and semitendinosus (post. comp) |
|
What can cause pes ansurinus pain?
|
bursitis, tendinitis, or fasciitis
-side to side movements (cutting) |
|
What is piriformis syndrome?
|
compression of the sciatic nerve (usually post. division) by the piriformis muscle
|
|
Where should you give a gluteal muscular injection?
|
in the upper outer quadrant to avoid the sciatic nerve
|
|
What dermatome levels correspond with the superolateral gluteal region?
|
L3-L5
|
|
What dermatome levels correspond to the inferomedial gluteal region?
|
S1-S5
|
|
What dermatome corresponds to the posterior thigh?
|
Primarily S1-S2 (some L5 laterally)
|
|
What supplies vasculature to the posterior thigh?
|
perforating branches of the deep artery of the thigh (artery and vein)
|
|
Where does the lymph from deep gluteal region drain to?
|
superior and inf. gluteal nodes to internal iliac, etc..
|
