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54 Cards in this Set

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Knee joint type?
Hinge joint - but special since its flexion combine rolling & gliding movements
Movements of knee joint?
- Flexion
- Lateral gliding
- Rotation in flexed knee
Articular surfaces of knee joint?
- Femoral condyles
- Tibial condyles
- Menisci between
- Patella also have art. surface
How is the capsule of the knee joint?
Lax. Thin in front and strenghtened by ligaments
Where is patella?
Anterior side of joint capsule
Name the most important ligaments of knee joint?
- Patellar ligament
- Lateral & medial patellar retinaculum
- Tibial collateral lig
- Fibular collateral lig
- Oblique popliteal ligament
- Arcuate popliteal ligament
- Anterior & posterior cruciate ligament
- Transverse ligament of knee
- Anterior&posterior meniscofemoral ligament
Patellar ligament: OI?
O: Continuation of quadriceps tendon
I: Tibial tuberosity
Lateral patellar retinaculum; OI?
O: Fibers from vastus lateralis muscle
I: Tibial tuberosity
Medial patellar retinaculum; OI?
Fibers from vastus medialis muscle
I: Tibia next to medial collateral
Tibial (medial) collateral ligament; course?
Built in the fibrous membrane of capsule
Tibial (medial) collateral ligament; OI?
O: Medial epicondyle of femur
I: Proximal medial side of tibia

Also attach to medial meniscus
Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament; OI?
O: Lateral epicondyle of femur
I: Head of fibula
Oblique popliteal ligament; OI?
Lateral reach of the tendon from semimembranous muscle
Arcuate popliteal muscle; OI?
O: Apex of head of fibula
I: Radiate into capsule, over tendon from popliteal muscle
Anterior cruciate ligament; OI?
O: Anterior intercondylar surface of tibia & medial meniscus
I: Inner surface of lateral condyle of femur
Tibial (medial) collateral ligament; OI?
O: Medial epicondyle of femur
I: Proximal medial side of tibia

Also attach to medial meniscus
Function cruciate ligaments of knee?
Maintain contact during rotary movement. They are both intra & extra-articular ligaments
Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament; OI?
O: Lateral epicondyle of femur
I: Head of fibula
Posterior cruciate ligament; OI?
O: Lateral surface of medial condyle of femur
I: Posterior intercondylar surface of tibia
Oblique popliteal ligament; OI?
Lateral reach of the tendon from semimembranous muscle
Which cruciate ligament is the strongest?
Posterior
Arcuate popliteal muscle; OI?
O: Apex of head of fibula
I: Radiate into capsule, over tendon from popliteal muscle
The menisci consist of?
CT & Fibrocartilage
Anterior cruciate ligament; OI?
O: Anterior intercondylar surface of tibia & medial meniscus
I: Inner surface of lateral condyle of femur
Why can longitudinal tears of menisci happen more easily than transverse?
Because weak collagen fibers are longitudinally arranged.

The strong ones follow the shape of menisci
Function cruciate ligaments of knee?
Maintain contact during rotary movement. They are both intra & extra-articular ligaments
Posterior cruciate ligament; OI?
O: Lateral surface of medial condyle of femur
I: Posterior intercondylar surface of tibia
Which cruciate ligament is the strongest?
Posterior
The menisci consist of?
CT & Fibrocartilage
Why can longitudinal tears of menisci happen more easily than transverse?
Because weak collagen fibers are longitudinally arranged.

The strong ones follow the shape of menisci
Which arteries supply the menisci with blood?
Middle
Inferior
Medial
- Genicular arteries
Shape of medial meniscus?
Semicircular
Which menisci is fused with tibial collateral ligament?
Medial
Which menisci have a thin anterior crus?
Medial
Shape of lateral meniscus?
Almost circular
Does lateral menisci fuse with fibular collateral ligament?
No
Which arteries supply the menisci with blood?
Middle
Inferior
Medial
- Genicular arteries
Shape of medial meniscus?
Semicircular
Which menisci is fused with tibial collateral ligament?
Medial
Which menisci have a thin anterior crus?
Medial
Shape of lateral meniscus?
Almost circular
Does lateral menisci fuse with fibular collateral ligament?
No
Name 3 ligaments helping the meniscus?
- Anterior meniscofemoral lig
- Posterior meniscofemoral lig
- Transverse ligament of knee
Which menisci is most common to have damage in?
Medial meniscus
Communicating bursae of knee joint?
- Suprapatellar bursa
- Subpopliteal recess (post.)
- Semimembranous bursa (post.)
Non-communicating bursae of knee joint?
- Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa (underneath of patella)
- Deep infrapatellar bursa (between patellar ligament & tibia)
Name 3 ligaments helping the meniscus?
- Anterior meniscofemoral lig
- Posterior meniscofemoral lig
- Transverse ligament of knee
Which menisci is most common to have damage in?
Medial meniscus
Communicating bursae of knee joint?
- Suprapatellar bursa
- Subpopliteal recess (post.)
- Semimembranous bursa (post.)
Non-communicating bursae of knee joint?
- Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa (underneath of patella)
- Deep infrapatellar bursa (between patellar ligament & tibia)
Where do we find the fat pat of knee?
Just underneath patella
Movements of flexed knee?
- Medial & lateral rotation (due to relaxed collaterals)
-
Why can we call the knee joint a mobile joint?
When fermur rotates and menisci move over tibia - it glides over tibia
What is drawer sign?
If the lower leg, when knee flexed, can be drawn forward. Damage to knee