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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sciatic n. origin?
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L4 - S3
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superior gluteal origin
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L4 - S1
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inferior gluteal n. origin?
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L5 - S2
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nerve to piriformis origin?
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S1,S2
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nerve to quadratus femoris and inf. Gemmulus origin?
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L4 - S1
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nerve to obturator internus and superior gemullus origin?
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L5 - S2
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pudendal n origin?
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S2 - S4
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nerves to levator ani and coccygeus origin?
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S3,S4
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post. Femoral cutaneous origin?
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S2,S3
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perforating cutaneous n. origin?
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S2,S3
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pelvic splanchnic nerves origin?
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S2 - S4
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sciatic n. distribution?
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hip joint, flexors of knee, all muscles in leg and foot
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superior gluteal n. distribution?
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glute med, min, and tensor fascia latae
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inferior gluteal n. distribution?
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glute max
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nerve to piriformis distribution?
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piriformis m
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pudendal n. distribution?
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strucutres in perineum: sensory to genitalia, muscular branches to perineal m., sphincter urethrae, external anal sphincter
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pelvic splanchnic nerves distribution?
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pelvic viscera via inf hypogastric and pelvic plexus
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internal iliac's distribution?
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pelvic organs, gluteal muscles, and perineum
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anterior division of internal iliac a contains which branches?
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umbilical, obturator, inferior vesical, middle rectal, internal pudendal, inf glute, uterine a's
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obturator a's distribution?
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pelvic muscles, nutrient artery to ilium and head of femur
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superior vesical a's distribution?
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sup aspect of urinary bladder, often ductus deferens in males
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umbilical a.'s branches?
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superior vesical artery
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artery to ductus deferens has what arterial origin?
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comes off of sup OR inf vesical artery
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the inferior vesical a.'s distribution?
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urinary bladder, pelvic part of ureter, seminal gland, prostate
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middle rectal a's distribution?
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seminal gland, prostate, rectum
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internal pudendal a's distribution?
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main artery to perinuem, including muscles, of anal canal and perineum; skin and urogential triangle; as well as erectile bodies.
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inferior gluteal a's distribution?
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piriformis, coccygeus, levator ani, and gluteal muscles
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uterine a's distribution?
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pelvic part of ureter, uterus, ligament of uterus, uterine tube, vagina
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vaginal a's distribution?
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vagina and branches to inferior part of urinary bladder
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Gonadal a's (testicular and ovarian) origin?
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abdominal aorta
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ililumbar a's distribution?
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iliacus, psoas major, quad lumborum, AND cauda equina in vertebral canal
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lateral sacral a's (superior and inferior) distribution?
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piriformis, and vert canal
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superior gluteal a's distribution?
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gluteal muscles and tensor fascia latae
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the pelvic inlet/brim/superior aperture, is bounded by the linea terminalis of the pelvis, which is formed by these 6 things:
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1. sup margin of pubic symph, 2. post border of pubic crest, 3. pecten pubis (sup ramus of pubis. 4. arcruate line of ilium 5. ant border of the ala of sacrum 6. sacral promontory
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the pelvic outlet is bounded by these 4 things:
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1. inf margin of pubic symp 2. inf rami of pubis and ischial tuberosities 3. sacrtuberous ligaments. 4. tip of the coccyx
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Pelvic cavity projects posteriorly; inlet is angled ____ degrees forward relative to horizontal plane
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50 – 60 degrees
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the greater pelvis is bounded by and contains what?
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its superior to the pelvic inlet, and bounded by abdominal wall anteriorly, alea of ilium laterally, and L5 and S1 posteriorly. It contains some abdominal viscera, like sigmoid colon and loops of ileum.
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what is the lesser pelvis limited by inferiorly?
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musculomembranous pelvic diaphragm (lev ani)
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3 muslces on body innervated on superficial surfaces:
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1. serratus anterior 2. hiofossas(muscle of tongue). 3. levator ani
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what is the levator ani's attachments?
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prox - body of pubis, tendinous arch of lev ani, ischial spine. Distally - perineal body, coccyx, anococcygeal lig, walls of prostate or vagina, rectum, anal canal
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innervation of lev ani?
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nerve to lev ani (branches of S4), inf anal (rectal) nerve, coccygeal plexus
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action of lev ani?
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helps support pelvic viscera, resists intra-abdominal pressure
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coccygeus attachments?
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prox - ischial spine. Distally - inf end of sacrum
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innervation of coccygeus?
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branches of S4 and S5
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action of coccygeus m.?
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forms small part of pelvic diaphragm that supports pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx
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obturator internus and piriformis distal attachment?
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greater trochanter of femur?
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shared action of obturator internus and piriformis?
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rotate thigh laterally; assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum
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piriformis action not shared by obturator internus?
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abducts thigh
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obturator internus proximal attachment, (not trochanter)?
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pelvic surface of ileum and ischium, obturator membrane
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piriformis proximal attachment, (not trochanter)?
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pelvic surface of 2nd - 4th sacral segments, sup margin of greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligaments
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innervation of obturator internus?
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nerve to obturator internus (L5 - S2)
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innervation of piriformis?
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anterior ramis of S1, S2
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Abdominal ureter – pain is conveyed to which spinal nerve?
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t10-t11, above pain line so symp
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Pelvic ureter, pain is conveyed to which spinal nerves?
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t12 – l1, above pain line so symp
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what is parasympathetic innervation of ureters?
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vagus above, and S2-S4 from pelvic splanchnic below
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what is the innervation of the micturition reflex?
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peeing, parasympathetic - S2-S4. impulses from stretch receptors head to dorsal root ganglia
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what are two sympathetic routes to bladder?
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Sympathetics: two routes to bladder, (1) superior hypogastric plexus (main) and 2) sacral splanchnics
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What muscles do symp nerves to bladder innervate?
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smooth muscle of internal sphincter
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pain of bladder travels through which nerves?
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symp nerves, T11 to L2
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What Innervates the sphincter urethrae muscle (of perineum)?
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skeletal/voluntary muscle, so its somatic - Deep perineal branch of pudendal (S2- S4)
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What is a male organ that is not found in the pelvis?
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Bulbourethral glands lie in the deep perineal space, which is inferior to the pelvic cavity
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in which space are bulbourethral glands located?
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deep perineal space
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What structures drain to lumbar lymph nodes (male)?
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urethra, testis, epididymus, common iliac nodes
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What structures drain to inferior mesenteric lymph nodes?
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superior most rectum, sigmoid colon, descending colon, pararectal nodes
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What structures drain to internal iliac lymph nodes ?
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inferior pelvic structures, deep perineal structures, sacral nodes
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What structures drain to external iliac lymph nodes?
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inf pelvic structures, deep perineal structures, sacral nodes
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What structures drain to superficial inguinal lymph nodes?
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lower limb, ans superficial areas all around pelvis and abdomen
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What structures drain to deep inguinal lymph nodes (male)?
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glans of penis, superficial inguinal nodes, distal spngy urethra
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What structures drain to sacral lymph nodes? (and additional female structure?
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posteroinferior pelvic structures, inferior rectum - and female inf vagina
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What structures drain to pararectal lymph nodes?
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superior rectum
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What structures drain to lumbar lymph nodes (female)?
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gonads and assoc. structures, common iliac nodes
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What structures drain to deep inguinal lymph nodes (female)?
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glans clitoris, superifical inguinal nodes
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What is the arterial supply to the prostate?
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Arterial supply: (1) inferior vesical, (2) internal pudendal, and (3) middle rectal;
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what is the venous drainage of the prostate, and where does it go?
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the prostatic venous plexus drains to internal iliac veins. The plexus though, is continous with the vesical venous plexus above and the internal vertebral plexus behind. LYMPH - (aka cancer) - heads to internal iliac nodes and some to the sacral lymph nodes.
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what are the arteries to the vagina?
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Vaginal a is biggest, then, uterine, inf vesical, mid rectal, int pudendal
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anteverted - longitudinal axis of vagina makes ___ to ____ angle with cervix
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90 to 100 degrees
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anteflexed - angle of uterine body is bent forward about ___ to ____ degrees forward about uterine cervis
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15 to 20 degrees
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what are the two remnants of gubernaculum?
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ovarian ligament and round ligament
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where does round ligament end?
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courses through inguinal rings and canal to end in labium majus
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Lateral (transverse) cervical ligament is also known as the ____ ____
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cardinal ligament;
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what is the greatest support of the uterus?
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Lateral (transverse) cervical ligament is also known as the cardinal ligament
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what ligament does the uterine artery travel in?
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cardinal ligament, lateral transverse cervical
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the uterine artery crosses _____ to the ureter
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superior
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the Fundus of the vagina has lymphatic drainage along ovarian vessels to para-aortic group of _____ nodes; some drainage to ____ _____nodes (via path of round ligament)
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lumbar; superficial inguinal
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the Body of the vagina has lymphatic drainage to____ ____ nodes via broad ligament.
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external iliac
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the lymphatic drainaged to the Cervix is to ____ ____ nodes via uterine vessels (within cardinal ligament) and to____ nodes within uterosacral ligament
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internal iliac; sacral
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what is the connective tissue strand that extends between gonad and labio-scrotal swelling that serves to guide gonadal descent?
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gubernaculum
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ovarian artery and testicular arteries start at which vertebral level?
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L2
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ovarian artery and testicular arteries branch from what?
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aorta, but also the left renal arteries, (same as veins)
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the ovarian artery courses within what ligament?
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suspensory ligament (which heads straight to the ovary).
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ovaries have lymphatic drainage to where?
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vessels drain to para-aortic (lateral aortic) group of LUMBAR lymph nodes.
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What is the innervation of the ovary?
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(T 10/11 via lesser splanchnic) and with VAGUS for parasympathetic (CN X)
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Rectum is located where and starts at which vert level?
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pelvis, starts after sigmoid colon @ S3 vert level
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where is the anal canal located?
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perineum
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chief artery to rectum?
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superior rectal artery - end of IMA, serves submucousa ABOVE pectinate line
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the middle rectal artery supplies the ____ of the rectum.
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supplies muscle superior to pelvic diaphragm
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the inferior rectal artery courses _____ to the pelvic diaphragm and supplies submucousa ______ pectinate line.
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inferior, below
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What is the lymphatic drainage of the rectum above and below pectinate line?
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BELOW line its superficial inguinal nodes, ABOVE line it heads to pararectal nodes and then INTERNAL ILIAC OR INFERIOR MESENTERIC lymph nodes
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The external anal sphincter is skeletal muscle and therefore recieves somatic innervation from what?
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inf rectal branch of pudendal nerve.
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