Antihypertensive agents with Representative drugs

Hyperstat
Emergency/urgency
Long acting
Direct acting
Parenteral Ateriole Vasodilator
Because of rapid reduction in Bp, one must monitor BP and ECG closely.

Nipride, Nitropress
Emergency/urgency
A potent vasodilator that dilates both venous and atrial and has an immediate onset of action.
Intravenous nitroglycerin dilates both atrioles and viens,reducing both preload and after load. It os useful when hypertension occurs with a myocardial ischemia.
Because of rapid reduction in Bp, one must monitor BP and ECG closely.

Corlopam
Emergency/urgency
Coronary,renal, mesenteric, and peripheral arteries are vasodilated and renal blood flow increases with this drug.
Commonly used for perioperative hypertension and for patients with renal insufficiency.

Cardene
Emergency/urgency
An intravenous calcium channel blocker useful in most hypertensive emergencies except acute heart failure.
Adverse effects include tachycardia and flushing.

Normodyne, Trandate
Emergency/urgency
A combination of alpha and beta blockers for intravenous infusion in most hypertensive emergencies except acute heart failure.
adverse side effects: Bronchoconstriction and heart block.

Guanfacine, Clonidine
Decrease in sympathetic outflow from brain.

Doxazosin, Prazosin, Terazosin.
Peripheral vasodilation

Acebutolol, Atenolol, Metoprolol.
Decrease in CO

Thiazides, Furosemide, Spironolactone.
Decrease in blood volume.

Benazepril, Captopril, Enalapril.
Vasodilation

Losartan, Valsartan.
Vasodilation.

Amlodipine, Verapamil, Diltiazem.
Vasodilation

Hydralazine, Minoxidil.
Direct relaxation of smooth muscles.

Nitropusside, Fenoldopam, Nitroglycerin IV.
Acute Vasodilation.