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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 causes of hypoxemic hypoxia
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High altitude
Hypoventilation Obstructive pulm disease Fibrotic lung disease Pulmonary edema |
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2 causes of hypoperfusion hypoxia
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hemorrhage
high PEEP |
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What abnormal lab finding indicates hypoperfusion hypoxia
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decreased PVO2
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3 causes of anemic hypoxia
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decreased RBC
decreased hgb in RBCs CO poisoning |
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2 causes of histotoxic hypoxia
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cyanide poisoning
nipride poisoning |
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VCO2 at rest
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200ml/min
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CO2 per 100 mL blood passing through the tissues
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4 mL CO2
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Solubility coefficient of CO2
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0.063 ml/ 100ml/ torr
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% CO2 transported to the lungs in the dissolved state
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8%
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Where does CO2 bind on the plasma protein
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Terminal amine
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PCO2 at the tissue level
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45-48 torr
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In the lungs pO2 increases and decreases the Hgb affinity for CO2
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Haldane effect
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Catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from CO2 and H2O in the RBC
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carbonic anyhydrase
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Two ways that venous labs will differ from arterial labs d/t CO2 entering the RBC
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increased HCT
decreased pH |
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% of CO2 transported as bicarbonate dissolved in plasma
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80-90
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% of CO2 transported as carbamino compounds
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5-10
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% of CO2 dissolved in plasma
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5-10
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For a given change in O2 or CO2 tension, which has the greater change in blood content
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CO2
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What is the respiratory exchange ratio
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ratio of CO2 output/O2 uptake in the lungs 0.8
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What does consuming carbohydrates do to RE
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increases it to 1
1:1 ratio |
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What does consuming fats do to RE
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decreases it to 0.7
1:1.4 ratio |
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What is the respiratory quotient
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CO2 production/ O2 consumption at the level of the tissues 0.8
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Is RE or RQ greater during exercise
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RQ
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Will hypoxemia always lead to hypoxia
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no because CO can compensate to a point
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Hypoxic conditions caused by inadequate amounts of O2 content in the blood
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hypoxemic
anemic circulatory |
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4 major causes of hypoxemia
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hypoventilation
diffusion limitation shunts V/Q mismatch |
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Where do H+ ions come from in the venous blood
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release from carbamino compounds
release from carbonic acid breakdown |
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What displaces oxygen attached to Hgb at the level of the tissues
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H+ ions
decreased affinity d/t CO2 |
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What displaces H+ attached to Hgb at the level of the lungs
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O2 molecules
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