A+P Chapter 10: Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

-support the neurons by
-form a protective barrier around the neurons of the CNS which help prevent toxic substances in the blood from entering the nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord

-inside cavities of the brain and assist in the formation of cerebrospinal fluid

-transmit information
-do not repair when injured

-in peripheral nervous system
-cells that form the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon

-in CNS
-forms myelin sheath that surrounds axon

-sensory- in CNS and periphery
-motor- in CNS and periphery
-interneuron- only in CNS
Sensory
Afferent
Motor
Eefferent

-clusters of cell bodes in the PNS

-small clusters of cell bodies located in the CNS

-resting state of the neuron
-inside of neuron is more negative than the outside

-neuron is stimulated
-inside becomes more posetive than the outside

-very quickly the inside of the cell becomes negative
-nuless it repolarizes it cannot be stimulated again

-when stimulated the nuronal membrane changes and allows Na+ to diffuse into the cell

-motor area, personality, behavior, emotional expression, memory storage

-sensory motor area

-vision, and vision related reflexes and functions (reading, judging distances...)

-hearing, smell, taste, memory storage, part of speech

relay structure and processing center for most sensory information

-Intergrating system for the autonomic nervous system
-regulation of temperature, water balance, sex,
-regulates pituitary gland and controls endocrine function

-Relays information (sensory and motor)
-associated with visual reflexes

-Relays information (sensory and motor)
-Plays role in respiration

-Vital function (HR, BP, RR...)
-Reflex center for coughing, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting

-Experience of emotion and behavior (emotional brain)

-Mediates wakefulness and sleep

-Smooths out and coordinates skeletal muscle activity

-Bone

-Meninges- 3 layers of connective tissue
P:Pia mater
A: Arachnoid
D: Dura mater (outermost layer)

-Between the arachnoid layer and the pia mater
-CSF circulates here and forms a cushion around the brain and spinal cord

-Clear fluid that looks like Sprite
-Similar in composition to plasma
-Contains water, glucose, protein and several ions esp Na+ and Cl-
-Replaced every 8 hours
-Formed in the choroid plexus

-Blood Brain Barrier
-An arrangement of cells (mainly glial astrocytes) associated with the blood vessels that supply the brain and spinal cord
-These cells selecte the substances allowed to enter the CNS from the blood