AP Midterm misc cards (Lizzy)

•Positive- excess or distortion of normal functions
Delusions (thought content) Bizarre delusions are those that are clearly implausible, not understandable, and not derived from ordinary life experiences. E.g., UFO, alien abduction, talking animals
•Hallucinations (perception)
•Disorganized speech (language and thought process)
•Disorganized or catatonic behavior (self-monitoring or behavior)

- decrease or loss in normal functions
•flat/blunted affect (restricted range/ intensity of emotional expression)
•Alogia (restriction in fluency and productivity of thought and speech
•Avolition (restriction in the initiation of goal-directed behavior; lack of will to do anything)

•False belief; cannot be persuaded that belief is incorrect
-Grandeur: God or movie star
-Guilt: committed unpardonable sin or grave errors
-Ill health: terrible disease
-Jealousy: convinced partner is unfaithful
-Passivity: controlled or manipulated by outside force
-Persecution: “conspiracy theory”
-Poverty: facing destitution contrary to the evidence
-Reference: Talked about on TV or press
-Thought control: ideas are being placed into minds

False sensory perception in absence of related sensory stimuli
--Abnormal and affects senses: auditory and visual hallucinations are most common
--Occur when someone is fully conscious== cannot be when going to sleep or waking up
* Different from illusions
* misinterpretation of actual sensory experience
e.g., you think there is a man outside the window, and you realize it is just a tree swaying back and forth
-70-90% are auditory, but can be visual, olfactory, gustatory, or tactile.

Diagnostic criteria for 295.30 Paranoid Type
•A type of Schizophrenia in which the following criteria are met:
•A. Preoccupation with one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations.
•B. None of the following is prominent: disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior, or flat or inappropriate effect.

•A type of Schizophrenia in which the clinical picture is dominated by at least two of the following:
•(1) motoric immobility as evidenced by catalepsy (including waxy flexibility) or stupor
•(2) excessive motor activity (that is apparently purposeless and not influenced by external stimuli)
•(3) extreme negativism (an apparently motiveless resistance to all instructions or maintenance of a rigid posture against attempts to be moved) or mutism
•(4) peculiarities of voluntary movement as evidence by posturing (voluntary assumption of inappropriate or bizarre postures), stereotyped movements, prominent mannerisms, or prominent grimacing
•(5) Echolalia or echopraxia

•A type of Schizophrenia in which the following criteria are met:
•A. Absence of prominent delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.
•B. There is continuing evidence of the disturbance, as indicated by the presence of negative symptoms or two or more symptoms listed in Criterion A for Schizophrenia, present in an attenuated form (e.g., odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences).

•A. Criteria A, D, and E of Schizophrenia are met.
•B. An episode of the disorder (including prodromal, active, and residual phase) lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months. (When the diagnosis must be made without waiting for recovery, it should be qualified as “Provisional”

•A. An uninterrupted period of illness during which, at some time, there is either a Major Depressive Episode, a Manic Episode, or a Mixed Episode concurrent with symptoms that meet Criterion A for Schizophrenia.
•Note: The Major Depressive Episode must include Criterion A1: depressed mood.
•B. During the same period of illness, there have been delusions or hallucinations for at least 2 week in the absence of prominent mood symptoms.
•C. Symptoms that meet criteria for a mood episode are present for a substantial portion of the total duration of the active and residual periods of the illness.
•D. the disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition

A. presence of one (or more) of the following symptoms:
(1) delusions
(2) hallucinations
(3) disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence)
(4) grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
Note: do not include a symptom if it is a culturally sanctioned response pattern.
B. duration of an episode of the disturbance is at least 1 day but less than 1 month, with eventual full return to premorbid level of functioning.
C. the disturbance is not better accounted for by a Mood Disorder with Psychotic feature, schizoaffective disorder, or schizophrenia and is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance.

A. Nonbizarre delusions (i.e., involving situations that occur in real life, such as being followed, poisoned, infected, loved at a distance, or deceived by spouse or lover, or having a disease) of at least 1 moth’s duration.
B. Criterion A for Schizophrenia has never been met. Note: tactile and olfactory hallucinations may be present in Delusional Disorder if they are related to the delusional theme.
C. Apart from the impact of the delusion(s) or its ramifications, functioning is not markedly impaired and behavior is not obviously odd or bizarre.
D. If mood episodes have occurred concurrently with delusions, their total duration has been brief relative to the duration of the delusional periods.
E. The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a GMC.

Brief Psychotic Disorder= duration of an episode of the disturbance is at least 1 day but less than 1 month.
-Schizophreniform (see criteria) but this disorder lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months.
-Schizophrenia= 6 months with at least 1 month of active phase symptoms
-Schizoaffective Disorder=active phase symptoms of schizophrenia and mood episodes occur together and are preceded or followed by at least 2 weeks of delusions or hallucinations without mood symptoms.