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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the _ of the spinal cord has a characteristic "butterfly" shape
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gray matter
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how many pairs of nerves in the spinal cord
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31 pairs
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provide physical stabiity/shock absorption for neural tiddues of the spinal cord
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spinal meninges
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is the outer of the membranes surrounding the spinal cord
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dura mater
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separates the dura mater from the walls of the vertebral column
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epidural space
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narrow space separating the inner surface of dura mater from arachnoid
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subdural space
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injecting an anesthesia into the epidural space affect only the spina nerves in the immediate area of the injection
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epidural block/spinal anesthesia
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lies beneath the epithelium of the arachnoid
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subarachnoid space
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fills subarachnoid space, acts as a shock absorber and a diffusion medium for dissolved gases, nutrients, chemical messenger, and wastes
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cerebrospinal fluid
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involves inserting a needle into the subarachnoid space in the lower lumber region and withdrawling cerebrospinal fluid
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spinal tap or melography
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the delicately thin membrane that wraps around the tissue of the spinal cord
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pia mater
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the _ _ servicing the spinal cord are found here
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blood vessels
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supplies nerves to the shoulder girdles and upper limbs
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cervical enlargement
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provides innervation to structures of the pelvis and lower lims
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lumbar enlargement
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the spinal cord has _ segments
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31
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direction (sensory)
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in
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direction (motor)
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out
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is the cell bodies of sensory neurons that are location within the "lump"
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dorsal root ganglia
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ganglia =
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collection
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what is the shape of gray matter
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like the letter H or butterfly surrounded by white matter
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gray matter is divided into (shape)
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horns
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white matter is divided into (shape)
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columns
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the center of the spinal cord is called
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the central canal
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parts of the spinal cord (10)
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gray commisure, central canal, anterior, posterior and leteral gray horns, anterior, posterior and lateral white columns, and ascending and descending tracts
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innervates vartebraw, spinal meninges, and spinal blood vessels
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meningeal remus
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a greek word meaning skin cutting
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dermatome
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skin surface is divided into specific area called _
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dermatome
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for the 7 cervical vertebraw there are _ pairs of sensory nerve roots
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8
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Where are there no nerve plexuses
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thoracic
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plexus control the diaphram
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cervical plexus
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pluxus that innervates shoulder girdle and upper limbs
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brachial pluxus
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plexus that supply the anterolateral abdominal wall, external genitals, and part of the lower extemities
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lumbar plexus
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plexus supply the pelvic girdle and lower limbs
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sacral plexus
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plexus supply the skin in the coccygeal region
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coccygeal plexus
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a major function of the spinal cord
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convey nerve impulses
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second major function of the spinal cord
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integrating center
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_ reflexes are processed in the brain
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crainial
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_ reflexes are processed at the spinal cord
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spinal
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name the 5 steps involved in a neural reflex
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arrival of a stimulus, activation of sensory neuron, information processing, response by the effector
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reflex that control skeletal muscles
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somatic reflexes
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reflex that control the activities of the other systems (automatic reflexes)
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visceral reflexes
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a progressive demyelination of neurons interfering with the conduction of nerve impulses and resulting in imparied sensory perceptions and motor coordination
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multiple sclerosis
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what is increased in MS
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gamma globulin content
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how many pairs of cranial nerves
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12
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