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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sectionalism
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loyalty to a particular region
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Industrial Revolution
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originally centered in the textile industry, but by the 1830's, northern factories were producing a wide range of goods.
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unions
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organized groups of labour workers
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urbanization; urban life
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as population grew rapidly in cities like Boston and Baltimore, slums expanded so that crowded housing, poor sanitation, infectious diseases, and high rates of crime soon became characteristics of large working-class neighborhoods.
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Cyprus McCormick; John Deere
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created the mechanical reaper and steel plow so that farm families could could become efficient and plant many more acres
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new cities
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Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, and Chicago on the Great Lakes, Cincinnati and St. Louis on major rivers. each of these small villages thrived into cities after 1820
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irish potato famine
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devastating crop failure throughout Ireland, which forced over 2 million tenant farmers from their homes to find mutual support
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immigration
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in 1820, only 8000 arrived from europe, but from the 1830's to the 1850's, it grew to over 4 million who came from europe seeking a new life in America
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Germans
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over 1 million left to seek refuge in the US in the late 1840's and 1850's due to economic hardships and failed democratic revolutions.
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Old Northwest
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6 states west of the Alleghenies that were admitted to the Union before 1860; Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota
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Nativists
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Protestants who distrusted the roman chatholism practiced by the immigrants, such as the irish and the germans
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King Cotton
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cotton provided 2/3rds of all US exports and tied the South's economy to Britain.
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Eli Whitney
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his cotton gin made cotton affordable throughout the world
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peculiar institution
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Southern whites' uneasiness with the fact that slave were humans and their need to continually defend slavery
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Denmark Vesey; Nat Turner
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two african slaves who led two revolts. both of them were quickly and violently suppressed
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free african americans
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by 1860, as many as 250000 african americans in the south were not slaves, but free citizens, even though racial prejudice in the north prohibited some rights
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planters; poor whites; mountain men
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were southern whites who's owned land and slaves defined where he stood in southern society; white men who owned no slaves at all and lived in the hills as subsistance farmers; small farmers who lived in frontier conditions in isolation from the rest of the south
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the West
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land that lied beyond the Mississippi River and reached as far as California and the Oregon Territory
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the frontier
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represented the possibility of a fresh new start and new opportunities for those willing to venture there
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native american removal
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by 1850, the vast majority of the native americans moved out to the west
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great plains
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the long stretch of land west of the mississippi river
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environmental damage
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as settlers moved into an area, they would clear entire forests and after two generations exhaust the soil with poor farming methods
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Daniel webster
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"the east, the west, the north, and the stormy south all combine to throw the whole ocean into commotion, to toss it's billows to the skies, and to disclose its profoundest depths.
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