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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What nerve can be damaged by a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus or a dislocation?
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Axillary nerve
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Where does the radial nerve pass through the elbow region?
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Lateral to the lateral condyles
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What nerve can be injured by a subluxation of the radial head?
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Radial nerve (deep branch)
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A superficial laceration of the thenar eminence can injur what nerve?
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Recurrent branch of the median nerve
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What does the recurrent branch of the median nerve innervate?
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"the million dollar nerve"
Supplies the thenar muscles - opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis. |
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Where does the median nerve pass through the elbow region?
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Anterior to the humeral condyles
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Where does the ulnar nerve pass through the elbow region?
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Through the cubital tunnel at the medial elbow
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A supracondylar fracture of the humerus damages what nerve?
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Median nerve
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Pronotor teres syndrome damages what nerve?
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Median nerve
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A fracture of the median epicondyle of the humerus damages what nerve?
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Ulnar nerve
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The anterior interosseous nerve is a branch of what nerve?
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Median nerve... can be compressed in the deep forearm tissues
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A dislocated lunate can compress what nerve?
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Median nerve
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Trauma to the heel of the hand (hook of hamate) can damage what nerve?
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Ulnar nerve
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What is pronator teres syndrome?
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The median nerve both passes through and innervates the pronator teres muscle. The muscle can compress the nerve, leading to weakness on pronation, atrophy, and loss ofthe brachioradialis reflex.
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What branch of the median nerve does not pass through the carpal tunnel?
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The palmar cutaneous branch
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What does the ulnar nerve pass through in the wrist?
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Guyon's canal
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What is a lesion to the upper trunk of the brachial plexus called and what does it look like?
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Erb's Palsy
Waiter tip - paralysis of abductors, lateral rotators, and biceps - arm is hanging by side, medially rotated, and pronated |
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What is a lesion to the lower trunk of the brachial plexus called and what does it look like?
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Klumpke's palsy
Atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences Atrophy of the interosseous muscles Sensory deficits on the medial side of the forearm and hand Disappearance of the radial pulse upon moving the head toward the ipsilateral side |
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What can cause Erb's palsy?
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blow to shoulder or birth
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What can cause Klumpke's palsy?
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Barstool sleeping or thoracic outlet syndrome
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What motion do the lumbricals cause?
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Flex the MCP and extend the DIP and PIP
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How can the long thoracic nerve be damaged?
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Mastectomy, stabbing
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What muscles are in the hypothenar and the thenar eminences?
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Hypothenar:
Opponens digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Thenar: Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis |
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What do the dorsal and palmar interosseous muscles do?
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Dorsal = aBduct
Palmar = aDduct |
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What are the roots of the
Sciatic nerve? Femoral nerve? |
Sciatic - L4 - S2
Femoral - L2 - L4 |
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An anterior hip dislocation can damage what nerve and present with what motor and sensory deficits?
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Obturator nerve
Motor deficit - thigh adduction Sensory deficit - medial thigh |
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A pelvic fracture can damage what nerve and present with what motor and sensory deficits?
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Femoral nerve
Motor deficit - thigh flexion and leg extension Sensory deficit - Anterior thigh and medial leg |
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Knee trauma can damage what nerve and present with what motor and sensory deficits?
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Tibial nerve
Motor deficit - Foot inversion and plantarflexion. Toe flexion Sensory deficit - sole of foot |
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Polio and posterior hip dislocations can damage what nerve and result in what motor and sensory deficits?
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Superior gluteal nerve
Motor deficit - thigh abduction - Trendelenberg sign - pick up one foot and the hip drops due to a weakness of the contralateral abductors of the hip - the gluteus medius and minimus Sensory deficit - none |
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Posterior dislocations of the hip can damage what nerve and result in what motor and sensory deficits?
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Inferior gluteal nerve
Motor deficit - hip extension - gluteus maximus - can't jump, climb stairs, or rise from seated position Sensory deficit - none |
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What are the cutaneous patterns of the:
Sciatic nerve Superficial peroneal nerve Deep peroneal nerve |
-Posterior thigh
-Most of the dorsum of the foot except the space between the 1st and 2nd toe -The web of skin between the 1st and 2nd toe |
