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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Will a prolactinoma usually compress the optic chiasm?
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yes it will
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What is the ultimate cause of PCOS?
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LH overproduction
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In general, what is Simmond's disease?
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panhypopituitaryism
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What symptoms would a patient present with if they were hypokalemic?
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muscle weakness and constipation. (skeletal and smooth muscle)
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What is the BEST test for detecting a pheochromocytoma?
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24 hr urinary VMA
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What is the typical presentation for a neuroblastoma?
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child less than 3 yrs old with abdomen mass
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What is dermopathy?
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pretibial myxedema that is seen in Grave's disease
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What disease causes a nodular toxic goiter and is seen in post-menopausal multi-parous women?
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Plummer's disease
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How would treat DeQuervain's thryoiditis?
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NSAIDS (self limited disease)
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What signs and symptoms would a person with a follicular adenoma of the thyroid present with?
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hyperthyroidism because mass in functional
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What thyroid tumor produces psammoma bodies and Orphan Annie nuclei?
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papillary carcinoma
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What thyroid tumor shows hypocalcemia?
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medullary carcinoma
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What are the lab values for secondary hyperparathyroidism?
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hi PTH, lo Ca, hi phosphate
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What is the cause behind pseudohypoparathyroidism?
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the PTH receptors are not functioning
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Does renal osteodystrophy cause osteoporosis or osteomalacia?
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osteomalacia
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What causes a diabetic coma in type II diabetics?
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too much glucose draws water out of brain cells resulting in coma
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what is the auto-antibody for type I diabetics?
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anti-islet cell
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What is the consequence of a pregnant woman secreting too much human placental lactogen?
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gestational diabetes
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what is MEN type 1 also known as?
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Wermer's syndrome
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what is MEN type 2 also known as?
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sipple's syndrome
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is PZI a short, intermediate, or long acting insulin?
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long acting
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what is the MOA of miglitol?
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alpha glucosidase inhibitor
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what is the major difference between meglitinides and sulfonylureas?
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meglitinides dont lose their effectiveness over time
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what is the MOA of sitagliptin and saxagliptin?
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inhibit DPP-IV
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type IIA familial hypercholesterolemia has what defect?
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abnormal LDL receptors
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familial hypertriglyceridemia is what type?
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type IV
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what is the first line drug for hypertriglyceridemia?
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fibric acids
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describe the MOA by which statins can be antiinflammatory?
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statins decrease mevalonate which decreases ACE, which decreases aldosterone, which decreases NADPH oxidase in macrophages, which decreases their inflammatory effects in atherosclerotic plaques
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what antimuscarinic specifically binds to M1 receptors in the stomach to decrease stomach acid?
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pirenzepine
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What respiratory quotient value indicates someone is hypoventilating?
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<0.7
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what is the early acid-base disturbance in salicylate poisoning?
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metabolic acidosis plus respiratory alkalosis
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what is hemoglobin in the embryo called?
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Gower 1
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would a decrease in pH cause a right or left shift in the oxygen-dissociation curve?
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right shift (more acid)
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alpha 2 globin in the blood is responsible for what blood protein?
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haptoglobin
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in orthostasis, does systolic blood pressure change?
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no, diastolic increases
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what two structures does the ductus venosous connect?
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umbilical vein and inf. vena cava
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what portion of the loop of Henle is water impermeable?
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thick ascending limb
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is NH4 a titratable or nontitratable acid in the kidney tubule?
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nontitratable
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what is the formula for filtration fraction?
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FF=GFR/RPF
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would hyperaldosteronism cause hypertonic hydration or hypotonic hydration?
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hypertonic hydration
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what syndrome is characterized by high renin, angiotensin, aldosterone, but NORMAL blood pressure?
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Bartter's syndrome
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what 3 major cell types form the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
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JG cells, macula densa, mesangial cells
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what disease is characterized by a defect in the neutral amino acid transporter?
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Hartnup disease
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what is primarily released from chief cells?
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pepsinogen
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what nuclei in the hypothalamus do baroreceptors that detect increase BP go to?
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supraoptic and paraventricular
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do patients with Conn syndrome get edema or hypernatremic?
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surprisingly NO!
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what subunit of the insulin receptor has tyrosine kinase activity?
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Beta subunit
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at month do children typical learn to sit alone/stand with help?
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7 months
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an IQ of 45 would be considered what?
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moderate retardation
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