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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the stages of HIV infection?
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acute
latent AIDS |
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What does thrombin time (TT) test for?
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the common coagulation pathway
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What abnormal clotting tests will there be in vonWillebrand disease?
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increased bleeding time and increased aPTT
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Why must you give heparin when initially starting coumadin therapy?
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coumadin prevents gamma carboxylation of proteins C + S and for the first 2-3 days there is an increased risk of clotting
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What does an elevated lactate dehydrogenase indicate?
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it is an indication of ischemia
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What is THE most common enzymopathy?
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G6PD deficiency
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What is the amino acid substitution for sickle cell anemia?
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valine for glutamate at the Beta 6 position
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Methyldopa and dopa are risk factors for the development of what autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
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warm
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Hypersegmented neutrophils are evidence of what?
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megaloblastic anemia
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What do Howell-Jolly bodies represent?
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nuclar fragments within RBCs that indicate RBCs are leaving the bone marrow while still immature
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What disease is marked by RA and autoimmune destruction of neutrophils?
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Felty's syndrome
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What odd cell is increased in pertussis?
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lymphocytes
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Do patients with CML have a low or high leukocyte alkaline phosphatase?
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low (cells are not functioning properly)
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TRAP and CD25 are associated with what leukemia?
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hairy cell
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What is the DOC for aspergillosis?
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voriconazole
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What is done to AmpB to limit the nephrotoxic side effects?
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Lipid based AmpB has less side effects.
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Which antifungal is famous for being a p450 inducer?
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griseofulvin
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What are the malaria types that need treatment for liver hypnozoites?
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plasmodium ovale and vivax
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Which antimalarial drug is known to cause psychoses, and exacerbate G6PD def.?
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mefloquine
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Can a pregnant woman receive primaquine?
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NO
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What is the DOC for Trichomonas vaginalis?
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Metronidazole
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What is the first line drug for the treatment of late stage East African sleeping sickness?
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Melarsoprol
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What is the DOC for Toxoplasma encephalitis?
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trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
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What is the DOC for strongyloides stercoralis?
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ivermectin
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Are most bacteria in the mough aerobes or anerobes?
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anarobes
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What is the only bacteria that has no cell wall?
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mycoplasma
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What is composed of polysacchardies and determines the virulence of bacteria?
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cell capsule
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Are endotoxins specific or nonspecific?
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nonspecific
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What is the O2 requirement of actinomyces?
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obligate anaerobe
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What is the most common cause of both otitis media and sinusitis?
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strep pneumo
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What gram positive cocci in clusters is catalase positive and novobiocin sensitive?
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staph. epidermitis
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What is the blood agar hemolysis pattern for Group B strep?
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beta hemolysis
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Which alpha hemolytic strep is bile insoluble and optochin insensitive?
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strep viridans
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Which Neisseria can cause waterhouse-friedricksen syndrome?
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Neiserria Meningitidis
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Which Neisseria can ferment maltose?
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Neisseria Meningitidis
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Are listeria and cornybacteria spore formers or non-spore formers?
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non spore-formers
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What bacteria causes fried rice poisoning?
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anthrax
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What toxin from what bacteria causes gas gangrene?
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alpha toxin from clostridium perfringens
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Are clostridium botulinum spores heat stable or labile?
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heat labile (but the toxins are heat stable!)
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What enterobacteria is motile and doesn't ferment lactose?
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salmonella
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What is the most common cause of a UTI?
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E. coli
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What bacteria causes currant jelly sputum and lobar pneumonia?
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Klebsiella
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What scenario is typically associated with vibro parahemolyticus?
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eat uncooked seafood (sushi)
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What is the vector for tularemia?
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tick
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What is the vector for bubonic plague?
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flea
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What causes a chancroid?
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Hemophilus ducreyi
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Which of the two forms of leprosy yields a negative skin test?
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lepromatous leprosy
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What bacteria causes lump jaw after tooth extraction and is associated with sulfur granules?
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actinomyces
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What causes leptospirosis and is associated with rat urine?
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L. interrogans
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What is weird about the cell wall of chylamidia?
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it doesn't contain peptidoglycan
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What form of chlamydia infects cells?
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elementary body
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What is the vector for rocky mountain spotted fever?
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tick
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What are the 4 main symptoms of rocky mountain spotted fever?
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fever, headache, conjunctival redness, rash that starts at wrist and moves toward trunk
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