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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What valvular pathology is more common in patients with Fragile X?
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mitral valve prolapse
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What is the most common form of atrial septal defect?
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ostium secundum (fenestrated fossa ovale)
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Is it possible for someone to acquire coarctation of the aorta?
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NO! only congenital
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How long can the heart go without oxygen before tissue dies?
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30 minutes
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When someone presents with MI like symptoms, what do you give them first that is both potentially therapeutic and diagnostic?
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sublingual nitroglycerin
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If you see a nutmeg liver, what does that signify?
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a venously engorged liver possibly from right-sided heart failure
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What can be seen microscopically 1-3 days post MI?
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heavy neutrophil infiltrate, coagulative necrosis, loss of nuclei
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If a patient presents with sudden onset fever, chills, and a new onset murmur, what tests are you going to order first?
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echocardiogram and blood cultures (checking for endocarditis)
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What type of endocarditis are those with severe or chronic illnesses such as adenocarcinoma most likely to get?
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Marantic endocarditis
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What type of pericarditis can be associated with myocardial infarction?
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fibrinous
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If you see Aschoff bodies, what does that mean?
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patient has acute rheumatic fever
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What is a normal FEV1/FVC ratio on spirometry?
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around 80%
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What pulmonary disease is asocciated with rhonchi and patients are called blue bloaters?
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chronic bronchitis
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What is the mechanism behind all the pathology seen with Kartegener syndrome?
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have non-functional cilia
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Bilateral hilar adenopathy on chest X-ray along with panda sign represents what?
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sarcoidosis of the lung
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How long from pulmonary endothelial damage would you see the sudden onset of adult ARDS?
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2-3 weeks
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What do ferruginous bodies in the lung represent?
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asbestosis
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What infection does silicosis significantly increase your risk of contracting?
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TB
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What is the significance of a "honeycomb lung"?
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diffuse idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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What 4 tissues of the body release AST when injured?
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Liver, brain, heart, skeletal muscle
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What provirus can mechlorethamine cause to emerge?
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shingles
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What is the most famous side effect of Cisplatin?
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peripheral neuropathy
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What is cytarabine the DOC for?
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AML
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Why can leuprolide cause hot flashes?
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It is a GnRH analog, and feedback inhibits the release of sex hormones
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What is the MOA of hydroxyurea?
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Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase in WBCs
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What is the primary prostaglandin thought to mediate fever and pain?
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prostaglandin E2
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What OTC drug could you use to close a PDA?
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aspirin
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Patients allergic to what? cannot take celecoxib
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sulfa drugs
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What are the 3 D's associated with pellagra?
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dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
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What enzyme is deficient in alkaptonuria?
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homogentisate oxidase
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lens dislocation and mental retardation is associated with which enzyme deficiency?
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cystathionine synthetase
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What are the 3 big reducing sugars?
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glucose, galactose, fructose
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Which is inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate, glucokinase or hexokinase?
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hexokinase
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What disaccharide has a1-B2 bond formation?
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sucrose
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What disorder is caused by a defect in aldolase B?
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fructose intolerance
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What is the defective enzyme in galactosemia?
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uridyltransferase
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What is the enzyme defect in Pompe's glycogen storage disease?
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alpha-glucosidase (lysosomes)
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What is the enzyme defect in McArdle glycogen storage disease?
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skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase
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Which mucopolysaccharidosis presents with corneal clouding and normal intelligence?
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Scheie
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What saturated fatty acid is a product of human fatty acid synthesis?
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palmitic acid
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What are the 2 primary bile acids?
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cholic acid
chenodeoxycholic acid |
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Do VLDLs have more triglycerides or cholesterol than LDLs?
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VLDLs have more triglycerides than LDLs
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What are the components that make up a ganglioside?
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3 sugars, fatty acid, sphingosine, NANA
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What are the components of sphingomyelin?
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ceramide + choline
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What accumulates in Krabbe?
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galactocerebrosides
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What is the defective enzyme in Gaucher?
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Beta glucosidase
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What accumulate in acute intermittent porphyria?
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porphobilinogen
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What accumulates in cutanea tarda porphyria?
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uroporphyrinogen
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What is the only source of energy for RBCs?
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glucose
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What vitamin deficiency shows signs of seborrheic dermatitis and nervous disorders?
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biotin
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