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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Definition of learning
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A change in behavior as a result of experience.
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4 Basic characteristics of learning
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Purposeful
through Experience Multifaceted Active Process |
PEMA |
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What are the laws of learning?
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Readiness
Excercise Effect Primacy Intensity Recency |
REEPIR |
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What is the basis of all learning?
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All learning comes from Perceptions.
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How do people learn?
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Perception
Insight Motivation |
PIM |
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What are the 4 levels of learning?
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Rote
Understanding Application Correlation |
RUAC |
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What are the 9 principles in learning a skill?
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Pattern to follow
Perform the skill Desire to learn More than muscles Duration and Organization of the lesson Progress follows a pattern Evaluation vs Critique Application of skill Knowledge of results |
PPDMDPEAK |
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Why do individuals forget?
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Dissuse
Interference Repression |
DIR |
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How can the instructor help students remember what they have learned?
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Praise
Repetition Attitude Association All senses |
PR-AAA |
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Basic reason for using the building block method of instruction
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Formation of correct habit patterns from the begining
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What are the defense mechanisms?
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Compensation
Projection Resignation Denial of Reality Rationalization Flight Agression Reaction Formation |
CPR-DR-FAR |
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Factors affecting an individuals perceptions
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Basic need
Element of threat Self concept Time and opportunity Physical organism Goals and Values |
BEST-PG |
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Elements of effective communication
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Source
Symbols Receiver |
SSR |
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Effectiveness of the communicator is limited to 3 basic factors
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Reveals attitudes
Accurate and up to date Meaningful |
RAM |
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Barriers to effective communication
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Confusion between symbol and subject
Overuse of abstractions Interference Lack of common experience |
COIL |
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4 steps in the teaching process
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Preparation
Presentation Application Review and evaluation |
PPAR |
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Evaluation should be based on:
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stated objectives.
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Three main steps when organizing material
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Introduction
Development Conclusion |
IDC |
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Elements of the introduction of the presentation
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Attention
Motivation Overview |
AMO |
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Development step of the presentation:
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Main part of the lesson
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Conclusion step of the presentation:
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Retraces the important elements of the lesson and relates them to the objective.
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Thre most common teaching methods (and one not so common)
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Lecture
Guided discussion Demonstration/Performance Computer based training |
LGDC |
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Guided discussion method types of questions
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Overhead
Rhetorical Direct Reverse Relay |
ORDRR |
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5 essential phases of the demonstration/performance method
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Explanation
Demonstration Student performance Instructor supervision Evaluation |
EDSIE |
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What is programmed instruction?
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Student actively responds to each instructional step and receives immediate feedback.
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What is integrated flight instruction?
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The first time each maneuver is introduced, the student is taught to use outside and inside references to flight instruments.
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How can you develop the main points of a lesson?
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Past to present
Simple to complex Known to unknown Most frequent to rare |
PSKM |
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What are the advantages of the lecture method?
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Convenient for groups
Timely New subjects |
CTN |
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What are the disadvantages of the lecture method?
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No motor skills
inhibits participation |
NI |
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Types of presentations
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Read manuscript
Recite from memory Outline Impromptu |
RROI |
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Basic purpose of a critique
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Provide constructive critcism
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8 characteristics of an effective question
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Comprehensive
Well organized Constructive Thoughtful Specific Objective Flexible Acceptable |
CWCT-SOFA |
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Oral questions to avoid
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Puzzle
Oversize Toss up Bewilderment |
POTB |
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5 characteristics of a good written test
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Validity
Comprehensiveness Usabilty Reliability Discrimination |
V-CURD |
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4 characteristics of an effective question
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Brief
Concise Clear Definite |
BCCD |
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3 examples of ways to evaluate a student
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Performance
Oral Written |
POW |
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3 reasons to use oral quizzing to evaluate a student
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Reveal effectiveness
Retention check Review material |
RRR |
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2 basic types of questions
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Direct
Indirect |
DI |
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Qualifications for professionalism
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Service performed
Training and preparation Study and research Code of ethics Intellectual logic Good judgement |
STS-CIG |
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Most significant psychological factor affective learning
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Fear
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5 examples of abnormal reactions to fear
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Singing
Anger Laughter Emotion Mood swing |
SALEM |
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5 basic human needs (Maslow's hierarchy)
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Physical
Safety Social Ego Self fulfillment |
PSSES |
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How can instructors develop students potential
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View as a vast and untapped resource
Discover what makes them tick |
VD |
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Rules to ensure good human relations with a students
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Inform student
Criticize constructively Be consistent Motivate student Admit errors Approach as individuals Credit when due |
ICBM-AAC |
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3 basic steps in planning a course of learning
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Determination of standards and objectives
Development of blocks of learning Identification of blocks of learning |
DDI |
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What is a lesson plan?
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Blueprint for period of instruction
Written form |
BW |
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A lesson plan tells:
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What to do,
What order to do it, What procedure to use in teaching it. |
WWW |
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7 items always in a lesson plan
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Objective
Elements Schedule Equipment Instructors actions Students actions Completion standards |
OES-EISC |
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7 characteristics of an effective lesson plan
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Content
Flexible Intro steps Scope Practical Unity Relation to course |
CFI-SPUR |
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Why are instructional aids used?
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Support
Reinforce Supplement |
SRS |
