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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Staph epidermis
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Polysaccharide slime capsule
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Clostridium tetani
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Spores
Tetanospasmin --> blocks GABA release Motile up nerves |
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Clostridium botulinism
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Spores
Heat labile toxin --> blocks Ach release Motile |
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Clostridium difficile
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Spores
A toxin --> watery diarrhea B toxin --> pseudomembranes |
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Clostridium perfringens
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Spores
Enterotoxin --> food poisoning, diarrhea Degradative enzymes --> cellulitis A toxin --> myonecrosis, gas gangrene |
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Bacillus cereus
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Spores
Heat stable enterotoxin --> vomiting Heat labile enterotoxin --> diarrhea |
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Bacillus anthracis
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Spores
Poly D glutamic acid capsule Anthrax toxin- protective antigen (PA) for binding and entry edematous factor (EF) increase AC and cAMP to cause edema, block PMNs lethal factor (LF) cell death |
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Escherichia coli
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K- capsule
O- membrane with LPS H- flagella Pili Exotoxins: - alpha hemolysin - pore forming - labile toxin - increases AC and cAMP --> secrete Cl- and lose water --> diarrhea - stable toxin - increases GC and cGMP --> secrete Cl-and lose water --> diarrhea - shiga-like toxin - inactivates 60S to cause cell death |
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Staph saprophyticus
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none
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Polysaccharide capsule --> bloody sputum
LPS |
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Staph aureus
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Protein A - binds Fc on IgG to block opsonization
alpha toxin --> cellulitis, impetigo,folliculitis, pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis exfoliative toxin --> scalded skin syndrome enterotoxin --> food poisoning TSST-1 causes Toxic shock syndrome |
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Bacteroides fragilis
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LPS inactive
Capsule Catalase/superoxide dismutase |
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Corynebacterium diphtheria
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Diphtheria toxin --> ADP riboslates EF2 to block protein synthesis in all cells --> arrhythmia and nerve palsys
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Proteus mirabilis
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Many flagella
O antigen- membrane with LPS Urease + to alkinalize urine --> struvite stones |
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Borrelia recurrentis
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VMP (variable major protein) --> antigenic variation
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Borrelia burgdorferi
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none
spirochete |
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Pasturella multocida
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LPS
oxidase + catalase + |
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Treponema pallidum
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Endoflagellum
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Legionella pneumophila
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LPS
Pili |
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Hemagglutinin
Cholesterol in membranes |
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Bordetella pertussis
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LPS
Filamentous hemagglutinin --> adhere to ciliated epithelium pertussis toxin -->ADP ribosylation to activate AC and increase cAMP and decrease phagocytosis Tracheal cytotoxin --> kills ciliated epithelial cells |
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Actinomyces israelii
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Sulfur granules
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Francisella tularensis
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LPS
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Strep mutans
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Polysaccharide capsule
Makes extracellular dextran Ferments glucose --> lactic acid demineralizes tooth enamel causing dental caries |
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Strep intermedius
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Polysaccharide capsule
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Strep bovis
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Polysaccharide capsule
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Yersinia pestis
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LPS --> causes DIC
Capsule Capsular F1 antigen --> prevents phagocytosis |
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Strep agalactiae
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Polysaccharide capsule --> immunogenic
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Strep pyogenes
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Polysaccharide capsule
Pili --> adhere to resp. epithelium M protein in cell wall --> antiphagocytic Enzymes (DNase, hyaluronidase, streptokinase--> fibrinolysis) Cross reactivity of Ab --> Rheumatic fever Immune complexes after skin inf. or pharyngitis --> Glomerulonephritis Streptolysin O and S --> destroy WBCs and RBCs --> hemolysis Exotoxin A --> activates T cells --> Toxic Shock Syndrome Exotoxin B --> necrosis in fascia --> necrotizing fasciitis Exotoxin A, B, C --> scarlet fever |
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Strep pneumoniae
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Polsaccharide capsule --> antiphagocytic
IgA protease |
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Haemophilus influenza b
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LPS
Type b Polysaccharide capsule IgA protease Good at transforming (taking up DNA from environment to create variation) |
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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LPS, LOS
Polysaccharide capsule OMPs: Porins A and B Opa --> adherence proteins Specialized pili with antigenic variation IgA protease Metabolizes glucose |
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Neisseria meningitidis
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LPS, LOS
Polysaccharide capsule IgA protease Metabolizes maltose and glucose |
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Salmonella typhi
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Polysaccharide Vi capsule --> antiphagocytic
LPS H antigen- flagella |
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Salmonella enteritidis
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Polysaccharide Vi capsule --> antiphagocytic
LPS H antigen- flagella |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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LPS --> shock
Capsule (in some) Flagella (1+) Exotoxin A --> ADP ribosylation of EF2 to halt protein synthesis Exoenzyme S --> ADP ribosylates vimentin in cytoskeleton Phospholipase C --> cleaves phophates from phospholipids to damage host cell membrane Elastase --> cleave elastin, collagen, complement, Ig --> nutrient sources |
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Enterococcus faecalis
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Capsule --> prevents bile salt degradation
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Mycobacterium leprae
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Mycolic acid cell wall --> resistent to phagocytosis, germicides and dryness
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Mycolic cell wall --> resistent to phagocytosis, germicides and dryness
Sulfatides in cell wall --> inhibits fusion with lysosome |
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Nocardia asteroides
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Weakly acid fast
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Nocardia brasiliensis
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Weakly acid fast
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Brucella
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LPS
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Listeria monocytogenes
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Flagella "tumbling motility"
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Rickettsia rickettsii
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LPS
Obligate intracellular |
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Rickettsia prowazekii
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LPS
Obligate intracellular |
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Campylobacter jejuni
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LPS
Polar flagella Enterotoxin --> stimulate AC to increase cAMP to secrete Cl- and water --> foul bloody diarrhea |
Erythromycin, fluoroquinolones |
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Helicobacter pylori
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LPS
Polar flagella Makes urease --> NH3 --> alkalinize VacA (vacuolating cytotoxin) |
Bismuth, metronidazole, tetra/amox |
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Vibrio cholera
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LPS
Cholera toxin --> ribosylates Gs to increase AC and cAMP to secrete Cl- and water --> watery diarrhea ToxR (Toxin Coregulated Pilus) |
Doxycycline |
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Shigella dysenteriae
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LPS
O antigen- polysaccharide used to classify Intracellular Shiga toxin --> inactivates 60S to damage mucosa Ipa A, B, C (Invasive Protein Antigens) |
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Yersinia enterocolitica
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LPS
Heat-stable enterotoxin --> increases AG and cGMP to secrete Cl- and water --> diarrhea |
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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LPS
EB --> RB |
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Coxiella burnetii
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LPS
Spores |
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Leptospira interrogans
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Motile
2 flagella Hooked ends |
