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32 Cards in this Set

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What are the characteristics of Pseudomonas?
Obligate aerobes
Oxidase +
Motile
Pigmented
Where is pseudomonas found?
Soil
In what type of individuals are typically infected by pseudomonas? (not species, but general)
Debilitated Hosts
It is an accidental, common soil microorganism
What type of antibiotics is pseudomonas typically resistant to?
Many
What disease is caused by burkholderia?
Melioidosis: common in tropical region.

Similar to TB with latent period and chronic periods.

; ranges from relatively benign pulmonary infection to rapidly fatal septicemia characterized by caseous lung abcesses/nodules
What are the species of burkholderia?
Pseudomallei
Mallei
What is glanders disease?
Foreign animal disease found in horses (sometimes humans in contact with horses)

Caused by Burkholderia mallei

Causes lesions on lungs, metastasizes to lungs. Can spread to skin.

Acquired by ingestion, inhalation, wound infection
What are the characteristics of the family pasteurella?
Short, gram - rods
Non spore forming
Facultative anaerobes
Catalase +
Oxidase+
Only select ones will grow in McConkey
Typically endogenous
What disease is caused by pasteurella multocida in cows?
Shipping fever:
acute bovine respiratory distress syndrome
Bronchopneuomonia becomes systemic from URT
How does the strain on multocida in fowl differ from other species specific strains?
Not typically commensal in URT
What serotypes are found in P. multocida bacteria?
O types, K types

Certain serotypes favor certain hosts
Why do cows develop shipping fever?
They become immune compromised because of stress of moving; develop pneumonia that can become systemic. It can be highly contagious.

Capsulated variants can over populate
Are the P. multocida typically capsulated or not? How can this contribute to
Commensal variants are typically noncapsulated, making them less resistant.

Though they contain the genes to make capsulated variants, which during times of stress may over populate and then cause diseases associated with P. multocida
What disease is caused by P. multocida in sheep and goats?
septicemia &/or pneumonia; “blue bag” udder infections late in lactation
What disease is caused by P. multocida in poultry?
Fowl cholera
What are the characteristics of Mannheimeia?
Lac +
Maltose +
hemolytic
What diseases are caused by mannheimeia?
Shipping fever - cows
Pneumonia/septicemia - sheep

Both very fibrous
How can P. multocida shipping fever be differentiated from Mannheimia shipping fever?
Mannheimia is typically much more fibrous
What are the characteristics of Actinobacillus?
Gram -
Catalase/oxidase + VARIABLE
Urease +
Growth on MacConkey is variable
What disease is caused by A. lignieresii?
Wooden Tongue in Sheep/Cows
Commensal in buccal mucous membranes

Spread by forcing organism into tissue (splinter/wire)

Can cause tumors and granulomatous lobar masses in lower jaw/neck
What disease is caused by A. equuila?
Almost exclusively a foal disease in foals not give colostrum.

Found in many locations in horse, such as birth canal intestines.

Foals can develop septicemia
What disease is caused by A. pleuropneumoniae?
Swine Pneumonia

Commensal in URT
Can be spread asymptomatically

In times of stress/overcrowding, pneumonia and septicemia can develop.
What is needed in some strains of A. pleuropneumoniae for growth?
V factor
What are the characteristics of hemophilus?
Gram -
Facultative Anaerobes
Rods
Commensal organisms in many areas, commonly pharyngeal tracts
What do hemophilus require from hosts?
Some require one or another, some both
X factor - portion of heme factor
V facotr - NAD
What is Equine metrits (CEM)?
Caused by Hemophilus equigenitalis

Equine venereal disease
Male asymptomatic
Female exhibit profuse vulvar discharge
What is chocolate agar?
Lysed blood agar; used to differentiate X factor and V factor requirements
What disease is caused by Hemophilus paragallinarum?
Avian Pneumonia (Fowl coryza)
Not a normal habitant of poultry, can be carried asymptomatically

Causes sinusitis and turbinate inflammation.

Can cause pneumonia
What disease is caused by Hemophilus parasuis?
Glasser's Disease in pigs
Swine influenza

Causes polyserositis
What disease is caused by Histophilus somni?
Meningoencephalitis in cows

Thought to enter brain through trigeminal nerve after in injury

Neither X or V factor required
What are the characteristics of Franciscella?
Short
Acapsular
Non-fermentive
Microaerophilic
What disease is caused by franciscella tularensis?
Tuleremia in humans
Vector disease typically carried by rabbits

Most animals are resistant.

LPS is responsible for signs for signs of disease