• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Front

How to study your flashcards.

Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key

Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key

H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

Progress

1/6

Click to flip

Card Range To Study

through

6 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the goal BP of hypertensive patients?
<140/90-patients w/out risk factors
<130/80-patients w/ diabetes or chronic kidney disease
What drugs are the initial treatment of HTN?
Stage 1-usually thiazide type diuretic
Stage 2-usually 2 drug combo (thiazide and ACEI, ARB, BB, or CCB)
If patient with chronic kidney disease, what is the order of treatment
1. start w/ ACEI or ARB
if goal not rechieved
2a. if w/in 20mm of goal-add thiazide diuretic
2b. if >20mm from goal-CCB or BB
3. if still not reached, try another CCB
4. if still not reached, add vasodilator or refer to specialist
What are some unique characteristics of Arican-Americans related to HTN and treatment?
Prevalence, severity of HTN increased
reduced BP responses to monotherapy with BBs, ACEIs, or ARBs compared to diuretics or CCBs (this can be fixed with adequate diuretic dose)
What are potential favorable effects of anti-hypertensive drugs?
Thiazide-type diuretics useful in slowing demineralization in osteoporosis.
BBs useful in the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias/fibrillation, migraine, thyrotoxicosis (short-term), essential tremor, or perioperative HTN.
CCBs useful in Raynaud’s syndrome and certain arrhythmias.
Alpha-blockers useful in prostatism.
What are some potential unfavorable effects of anti-hypertensives?
Thiazide diuretics should be used cautiously in gout or a history of significant hyponatremia.
BBs should be generally avoided in patients with asthma, reactive airways disease, or second- or third-degree heart block.
ACEIs and ARBs are contraindicated in pregnant women or those likely to become pregnant.
ACEIs should not be used in individuals with a history of angioedema.
Aldosterone antagonists and potassium-sparing diuretics can cause hyperkalemia.