- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the Veterinarian's role?
|
Provide the regimen:
- Route of administration - Dosage - Frequency - Duration - "Please give Fluffy Amoxicillin by mouth 50 mg twice daily for 10 days." |
|
What is the Technician's role?
|
-Administer the correct drug at the correct time with the correct route.
-Observe the animal's response. -Question the vet if unsure. -Create and affix labels. -Explain instructions to the client. -Record information in medical records. |
|
What are "The Five Rights"?
|
Right Patient
Right Drug - Check Label Right Dose Right Route Right Time and Frequency |
|
What is Pharmacokinetics?
|
Primary factors that influence blood concentration levels of a drug and a patient's response?
- Rate of Absorption - Amount of drug absorbed - Distribution of drug thoughout the body - Drug Biotransformation - Rate and route of excretion |
|
What are the Routes of Administration?
|
Oral
Parenteral Inhalation Topical |
|
How does the Oral administration provide treatment?
|
By mouth, not absorbed quickly. Influenced by pH of drug, solubility, size and shape of molecule, presence of food in the GI tract, diseases (vomiting).
Lasts longer than injections. Takes longest to work but has longest duration. |
|
How does the Parental administration provide treatment?
|
Given by injection.
IV, IM, SC (or SQ), ID, IP, IA, intraarticular(joint), Intracardiac, intramedullary(bone marrow), epidural/subdural(spinal cord) Onset of action IV>IM>SC Duration of action SC>IM>IV IV route most toxic |
|
How does the Inhalation administration provide treatment?
|
Anesthetics
brochodilators |
|
How does the Topical administration provide treatment?
|
Placed on skin or mucous membranes. Examples are Frontline. Kills fleas, flea eggs and ticks.
|
|
What is Bioavailability?
|
Mechanism of absorption
pH and ionization of the drug Absorptive surface area Blood supply to the area Solubility of the drug Dosage Status of GI tract Other medications |
|
What are the methods of drug absorption?
|
Active, Passive, Pinocytosis.
|
|
What is Passive Absorption?
|
Similar to putting something in water and it naturally disperses. Or same for air.
|
|
How does the Drug Distribution work?
|
Site of absorption
plasma of bloodstream intersitial fluid surrounding cells into cell |
|
What is Biotransformation?
|
Metabolism
Affected by: Species, Age, Nutritional Status, Tissue Storage, Health Status |
|
How do drugs generally move through the system?
|
Most drugs are metabolized by the LIVEr and then eliminated by the KIDNEYS via urine.
|
|
What is pharmacodynamics?
|
Lock and key model
Agonist Antagonist No drug produces a single effect balance - therapeutic indiex half life efficacy adverse drug reaction - report to FDA |
|
What about Drug Names?
|
Chemical (...)
Code or laboratory (C1-581) Compendial (ketamine) Official (ketamine) Proprietary or trade (Ketaset, Vetalar) Generic (ketamine) |
|
Explain the Drug Label!
|
Drug names (generic and trade)
Drug concentration and quantity Name and address of manufacturer Controlled substance status Manufacturer's control or lot number Expiration date Insert: instructions for drug use and warnings of possible adverse effects. |
|
An undesirable response to a drug by a patient. It may vary in severity from mild to fatal.
|
Adverse Drug Reaction
|
|
A drug that brings about a specific action by binding with the appropriate receptor.
|
Agonist
|
|
A drug that inhibits a specific action by binding with a particular receptor.
|
Antagonist
|
|
Any manipulation (e.g., diluting, combining) performed to produce a dosage-form drug, other than the manipulations described in the directions for use on the labeling of an approved drug product.
|
Compounding
|
|
A substance used to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease.
|
Drug
|
|
The extent to which a drug causes the intended effects in a patient.
|
Efficacy
|
|
The use of a drug that is not specifically listed on the US Food and Drug Admins approved label.
|
Extralabel Use
|
|
The amount of time (usually expressed in hours) that it takes for the quantity of a drug in the body to be reduced by 50%.
|
Half-Life
|
|
The bulk production of drugs for resale outside of the veterinarian-cleint-patient relationship.
|
Manufacturing
|
|
The biochemical process that alters a drug from an active form to a form that is inactive or that can be eliminated from the body.
|
Metabolism (Biotransformation)
|
|
Another word for Metabolism?
|
Biotransformation
|
|
The route of administration of injectable drugs.
|
Parenteral
|
|
The ratio of the solubility of substances (e.g., gas anesthetics) between two states in which they may be found (e.g., blood and gas, gas and rubber goods).
|
Partition Coefficient
|
|
A drug that is limited to use under the supervision of a veterinarian because of potential danger, difficulty of administration, or other considerations. The legend that designates a prescription drug states the following: (Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian."
|
Prescription (Legend) Drug
|
|
A program for administration of a drug that inclueds the route, the dose (how much), the frequency (how often), and the duration (for how long) of administration.
|
Regimen
|
|
An amount of a drug still present in animal tissue or products (e.g., meat, milk, eggs) at a particular point (slaughter or collection).
|
Residue
|
|
The set of circumstances that must exist between the veterinarian, the client, and the patient before the dispensing of prescription drugs is appropriate.
|
Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relationship
|
|
The length of time it takes for a drug to be eliminated from animal tissue or products after it is no longer used.
|
Withdrawal Time
|
|
What is the complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered to a patient?
|
Pharmacokinetics
|
|
IV stands for?
|
Intravenous
|
|
IM stands for?
|
Intramuscular
|
|
SC stands for?
|
Subcutaneous
|
|
ID stands for?
|
Intradermal
|
|
IP stands for?
|
Intraperitoneal
|
|
IA stands for?
|
Intraarterial
|
|
What is the study of the mechanisms by which drugs produce physiologic changes in the body.
|
Pharmacodynamics
|
|
A drug with a high level of affinity and efficacy causes a specific action and is an?
|
agonist
|
|
A drug with limited affinity and efficacy is a partial...?
|
agonist.
|
|
A drug that blocks another drug from combining with a receptor is an?
|
antagonist.
|
|
The Center for Veterinary Medicine of the FDA requires that drug container labels must list the following items?
|
Drug Names (both generic and trade names)
Drug concentration and quantity Name and address of the manufacturer Controlled substance status Manufacturer's control or lot number Drug's expiration date |
|
What book lists all animal drug products that have been approved by the FDA for safety and effectiveness?
|
The Green Book
|
|
A waxy secretion of the glands of the external ear canal.
|
Cerumen
|
|
An agent that produces superficial irritation that is intended to relieve some other irritation.
|
Counterirritant
|
|
A semisolid preparation of oil, water, and a medicinal agent.
|
Cream
|
|
A hydroalcoholic liquid that contains sweeteners, flavoring, and a medicinal agent.
|
Elixir
|
|
A medicinal agent that consists of oily substances dispersed in an aqueous medium with an additive to stabilize the dispersion.
|
Emulsion
|
|
A medicine in an oily, soapy, or alcoholic vehicle to be rubbed on the skin to relieve pain or to act as a counterirritant.
|
Liniment
|
|
A semisold preparation that contains medicinal agents for application to the skin or eyes.
|
Ointment
|
|
Administration by a route other than the alimentary canal (e.g., intramuscular, subcutneous, intravenous).
|
Parenteral
|
|
An instrument for dilating a body orifice or cavity to allow visual inspection.
|
Speculum
|
|
A preparation of solid particles idspersed in a liquid but not dissolved in it.
|
Suspension
|
