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12 Cards in this Set

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Arsenate
-Substitutes for Pi in G-3-P Dehydrogenase Rxn of glycolysis.
-Result?
No substrate-level phosphorylation during phosphoglycerate kinase reaction, but reaction still goes forward.
Arsenite
Allosterically inhibits Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and alpha-ketoglutarate complex, halting TCA cycle.
-Result?
Lethal
Heavy Metals & Alkylating Reagents
(Mercury; Iodoacetate)
Binds sulfhydryl group in the active site of G-3-P Dehydrogenase.
-Result?
Step 6 inhibition; G-3-P can't be converted to 1,3-BPG, and glycolysis stops.
Fluoride
Blocks Enolase reaction in glycolysis, preventing production of PEP.
-Used for?
Preserving samples for blood sugar tests.
Fluoroacetate
Combines with CoA, reacts with citrate synthase to produce fluorocitrate, which binds tightly to aconitase.
-Result?
TCA cycle stops.
Malonate
Binds active site of succinate dehydrogenase, blocking TCA cycle.
-Other result?
Inhibits Complex II in ETC (succinate dehydrogenase is the acceptor for FADH2)
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Carries protons across inner membrane of mitochondria, uncoupling ETC from Oxidative Phosphorylation.
-Result?
Rapid consumption of energy without ATP production, which produces excess heat. Body senses ATP deficiency and upregulates energy pathway, causing further heating. Death from overheating can occur.
Rotenone
Inhibits Complex I of ETC.
-How can ETC continue?
Addition of succinate allows Complex II to continue, w/ less ATP production.
Antimycin A
Inhibits Complex III of ETC.
-How can ETC continue?
Addition of Ascorbate allows Cyt c to continue, with little ATP production.
Sodium Azide
Inhibits Complex IV of ETC by binding irreversibly with heme cofactor.
-Particular target organs?
Those that undergo high rates of respiration are affected most, including heart and brain.
Carbon Monoxide
Inhibits Complex IV of ETC by binding irreversibly with heme cofactor.
Cyanide
Inhibits Complex IV of ETC.