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____ - A form of gene interaction
Epistasis
___ - When the alleles of one gene mask the effects of a different gene
Epistasis
____-
Note the effect of environment, also a form of gene enteraction
Polygenic phenotypes
____ - Multiple genes contribute to a specific aspect of the phenotype, such as height, weight, or skin coloration.
Polygenic phenotypes
Likelihood of ____ depends on distance between two genes. More likely when genes are far apart.
crossover
When two different genes are on the same chromosome, they are ____.
Can be inherited as a unit.
Exception is when crossover creates ____.
linked
recombinants
____ - Transmission of genes located outside the nucleus.
Ex. Organelles, mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Extranuclear inheritance
These genes are often transmitted by maternal inheritance.
Extranuclear inheritance
Experimental observations showing ____:

Genes for green pigment synthesis reside in chloroplast genome.
Mutant allele results in minimal pigmentation.
Crosses show transfer of pigment genes through the female only.
maternal inheritance
____ is random.
In calico cats, the fur allele is present on the X chromosome.
Random inactivation in the embryo results in patchy fur coat pattern.
X inactivation
____ occur in female and in XXY males.
Barr bodies
How the ____ -
# of Xics are counted. If more than on, only one will remain active.
An RNA molecule coats and inactivated the second X.
This X remains inactivated throughout the individuals lifetime.
X chromosome is inactivated
____ - inheritance patterns in which a single gene affects a single trait and the alleles segregate and assort independently.
Mendelian
____ - A type of gene interaction in which the alleles of one gene mask the effects of a dominant allele of another gene.
Epistasis
____ - Inheritance pattern in which the offspring display a continuous range of phenotypes.
Continuous variation
____ - Inheritance patterns involving two or more genes that are close together on the same chromosome.
Linkage
____ - Transmission pattern of genes found in the DNA of mitochondria or chloroplasts.
Extranuclear inheritance
____ - Phenomenon of female mammals in which one X chromosome is inactivated in every somatic cell, producing a mosaic phenotype. Most genes on the inactivated x chromosome are not expressed.
X inactivation
____ - Inheritance pattern in which an allele from one parent is inactivated in the somatic cells of the offspring, which the allele from the other parent is expressed.
Genomic imprinting
____ - inheritance pattern in which the genotype of the mother determines the phenotype of the offspring. This occurs because maternal effect genes of the mother provide gene products to developing egg cells.
Maternal effect