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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which structure organizes the mitotic spindle during cell division?
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centrioles
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Synthesis of carbohydrates and lipids occurs in the _____.
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smooth endoplasm
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What is the function of microvilli?
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increase surface area for increased membrane transport
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During cell division, ___________ move the chromosomes.
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microtubules
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What consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes?
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rough endoplasmic reticulum
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Renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the
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Golgi apparatus
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When activated, lysosomes function in
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digestion of foreign material
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Many proteins in the cytosol are ________ that accelerate metabolic reactions.
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enzymes
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Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or none. This suggests that
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cells with large number of mitochondria have a high energy demands
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Which form of endoplasmic reticulum modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins?
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rough endoplasmic reticulum
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The triplet codes needed to specify a specific polypeptide chain are found in the
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gene
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Which enzyme transcribes DNA?
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RNA polymerase
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__________ function(s) as the template during translation.
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messenger RNA
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The anticodon for the triplet UCA is
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AGU
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During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA duplication, or replication, take place?
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Interphase
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When a double helix of DNA is replicated, two complete helices are formed. Together, these helices are called sister __________.
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chromatids
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During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell?
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metaphase
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During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids move apart?
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anaphase
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During which phase of mitosis do nuclear envelopes and the nucleoli reappear?
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telophase
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During which phase of mitosis do the nuclear envelope and nucleoli disappear?
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prophase
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What is the name of the process by which the cytoplasm divides in two?
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cytokinesis
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During mitosis, two daughter cells form, each of which has
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the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.
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mRNA is needed to synthesize ________ in the cytoplasm.
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proteins
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As each codon arrives at the active site of a ribosome, it attracts another molecule containing the anticodon. This molecule is called
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tRNA
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Peroxisomes
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use an enzyme to destroy H₂O₂ that is toxic to the cell
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The plasma membrane is composed of
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a bilayer of phospholipids
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Which structure produces ATP for the cell?
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mitochondria
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Most of the ATP that cells require is produced in the __________.
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mitochondria
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Endocytosis is
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a method for transporting substances into the cell
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Transcription directly results in the formation of __________.
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messenger RNA
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The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called
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translation
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The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence ATC on DNA is
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UAG
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Which organelle renews the cell membrane and modifies and packages proteins for secretion?
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Golgi apparatus
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Which of the following is not a function of protein?
a. movement b. storage of genetic information c. metabolic regulation d. transport e. support |
b. storage of genetic information
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The process of forming mRNA is called
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transcription
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A unit in messenger RNA consisting of a set of three consecutive nucleotides is termed a(n)
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codon
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The functional units of DNA that contain the instructions for making one or more proteins are
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genes
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If an animal cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to
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form mitotic spindles
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