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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell walls are not found in which of the following: bacteria, archaea, animals, plants, fungi
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Animals
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What are the two monosaccharides that form peptidoglycan?
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N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG)
N-Acetlmuramic Acid (NAM) |
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Peptidoglycan consists of what two main components.
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Monosaccharides (NAG and NAM) and small peptides attached to NAM subunits (cross-linked, gives structure strength)
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What is transpeptidation?
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The cross-linking of peptides in peptidoglycan.
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Penicillin inhibits the enzyme that enables what?
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Transpeptidation
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Many bacteria also have an additional capsule surrounding cell wall. Name 3 characteristics
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Chiefly polysaccharide
Further protects from environment Sticks bacteria to surface |
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Definition: lipopolysaccharides
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Covering that surrounds cell membrane of some archaea cell walls.
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Definition: middle lamella
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Composed of sticky polysaccharides called pectins that glue cells together.
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Definition: pectins
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sticky polysaccharides that compose the middle lamella
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Definition: Plasmodesmata
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communication channels of cell walls
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Definition: Extra cellular matrix (what does it consist of)
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Coating of cell membrane in animal cells, consists of secreted glycoproteins
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Most abundant glycoprotein in ECM
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Collagen
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Definition: proteoglycan
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Network of glycoproteins
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Definition: fibronectin
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Cell that interacts with collagen and attaches to ECM through specialized glycoproteins (integrins)
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What are the 3 different junctions between animal cells?
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Tight junction
Desmosomes Gap junction |
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Definition: Tight Junction
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Neighbouring cell membranes are essentially fused, connected by adjacent bands of proteins in the membranes.
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Definition: Desmosomes
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Junction that tightly fastens cells using strong protein filaments.
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Definition: Gap Junction (or communication junction)
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Channels between cells, allows exchange of small molecules.
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