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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what letters stop condons?
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UAG, UAA or UGA
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signals in DNA that indicate to the enzyme where to bind to make RNA or to stop where the new RNa is completed
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promoters
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Only ___ bases are used at one time?
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4
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How to knwo how to start or stop ___The enzyme ____ will bind only to regions of Dna known as Promoters
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RNA polymerase
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____ consecutive nucloetide that specify a single amino acid to be added to the polypeptide
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3
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what starts condon?
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AUG, or methionine
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___ duplicates by replacation and producing complementary strands
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DNA
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____ sites where separation and replication occurs
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Replication forks
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Replication occurs by enzymes which __ DNA
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unzip
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______occurs when hydrogen bonds are broken and the two strands unwind and serve as a template
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unzipping
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What are backbones of DNA?
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sugar, phosphate groups
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__________ form between the ________ bases to hold stands together only between A and T, and G and C.
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hydrogen bonds, nitrogenous
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Nuclecotides are units that make up ___
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DNA
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nuclecotides are made up of what 3 basic parts
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deoxyribose, 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group,
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___ cell DNA is packed tightly
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EUC
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_____ substance made up of tightly packed DNa and Protein
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chromatin
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______ proteins that are coiled around by chromatin consisting of DNA
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histones
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______beadlike structure formed by DNA and histone molecules
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nucleosome
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___ each strand can be used to make the other strands
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complementary
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DNA is a ______ that stores and transmit the genetic information from one generation of a organism to the next
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nucleic acid
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_____ decodes a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain (protein)
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translation
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translation takes place in _____
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ribosomes
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_____ transcribes from DNa in nucleus and release in ___
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mRNA, cytoplasm
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mRNA then attaches to a ribsome where the tRNA tells the ribsome which amino acid to match to each codon which results in a complementary codon called _____
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anticodon
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____ attches to anticodon
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codon
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RNA sugar is ___
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ribose
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DNA sugar is _____
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deoxyribose
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RNA controls _____ converting into _____
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amino acids, proteins
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RNA job:
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protein synthesis
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3 main types of RNA:
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mRNA, rRNA, tRNA
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___ is the messenger, and carrys instructions
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mRNA
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___ assembles proteins on ribosomes
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rRNA
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___ transfers amino acids to ribosome by coded messages
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tRNA
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____ process where RNa molecules produced by coping part of the nuclotide sequence of DNA into complementary sequence in RNA
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transcription
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_____ an enzyme' binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands, then uses one strand of DNA as a template from which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of RNA
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RNA polymerase
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