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6 Cards in this Set

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sexual reproduction
- involves:
- fertilization
- meiosis
Organisms have a characteristic number of chromosomes:
- fruit fly have 8 chromosomes
- humans have 46 chromosomes
- goldfish have 94 chromosomes
2 general cell types within an organism:
1) somatic cells- make up all the body's tissues
2) Germ cells- represent a cell lineage set aside for sexual reproduction; found in reproductive organs
Sexual Reproduction
- begins with meiosis and proceeds through the formation of gametes (sperm & eggs)
Haploid (n)
- number of chromosomes found in gametes (half that found in somatic cells)
- ex: humans n=23 (human karyotype)
Diploid (2n)
- number of chromosomes found in somatic cells

ex: humans 2n=46

- in diploid cells chromosomes occur in pairs (homologous pairs)
- each individual of a homologous pair is called a homologue