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What are the 5 types of synaptic connection in the CNS
Axo-dendritic
Axo-somatic
Axo-axonic
Soma-somatic
Dendro-dendritic
Where does the axo-dendritic synaptic connection occur (2)
On dendritic spines or directly on the dendritic shaft
Axo-dendritic synpases are commonly (excitatory/inhibitory/both)
excitatory
Axo-somatic synapses are commonly (excitatory/inhibitory/both)
inhibitory
Where are axo-somatic synapses located?
On the axon hillock
Axo-axonic synapses can increase and decrease transmitter release (true/false)
True
Axo-axonic synapses control the calcium influx in the (pre/post) synaptic neuron
pre
Explain presynaptic facilitation in axo-axonic synapse
1. Excitatory pre-synaptic terminal depresses the potassium current in the terminal
2. Calcium current in the terminal is increased
3. increase in transmitter release
4. Amplitude of the synaptic potential in the postsynaptic neuron is increased
Explain presynaptic inhibition
1. Pre-synaptic inhibitory terminal depresses the calcium current in the terminal
2. Reduction in the amount of transmitter released between A and B
3. The synaptic potential recorded in the postsynaptic neuron B is reduced
Neural integration is associated with ______ making
decision
Branches of axons are known as
axon collaterals
Integration is the summation of all ____ and ______
EPSP and IPSP
Integration occurs where?
In the axon hillock or the initial segment
(Temporal/Spatial) summation is the summation of PSP's occuring over short periods of time
Temporal
(Temporal/Spatial) summation is the summation of PSP's over membrane surface
Spatial
When a neuron is being inhibited there is a (increase/decrease) in neural frequency
decrease
When a neuron is being stimulated there is a (increase/decrease) in neural frequency
increase
What channels are very denselt localised at the axon hillock?
Na
What is the term for the normal direction of action potential propagation?
orthodromic direction
What are the 2 factors that affect action potential propagation
Axon diameter
Myelination
Which 2 cells produce myelin?
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells
Gaps in the myelin sheath for ion access are known as...
Nodes of Ranvier
The term for action potential jumping from node to node is known as
Saltatory conduction