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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What would a missing antibody ABO discrepancy possibly look like on a typing of an A patient? Why would the expected antibodies be missing?
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A: 3+
B: 0/= a: 0/= b:0/= D: 0/= C: 0/= Newborn; no antibody production from B cell abnormality (immunosuppressed pt; ex. chemotherapy) |
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What would an extra antigen ABO discrepancy possible look like on a typing of an O patient? Why would the extra antigen be possible?
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A: 0/=
B: 1+/mf a: 3+ b: 3+ D: 0/= C: 0/= Bacteria from GI tract are exposed to RBCs & bacterial polysaccharide is absorbed onto the surface of RBCs. |
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What is the most likely ABO discrepancy for the following results:
A: 3+ B: 0/= a: 2+ b: 2+ D: 2+ C: 0/= SC1: 0/= SC2: 0/= |
Discrepancy:
Subgroup: anti-A1 from A2 individual |
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After you repeat & get the same results, what do you do next?
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Check the patient's RBCs with anti-A1 lectin (Dolichus biflorus).
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Why might an A2 person make anti-A1, but an A1 person not make anti-A2?
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A2 make anti-A1;
A1 not make anti-A2. The A2 molecule is part of the A1 molecule which is seen as self by the body's immune system. An A1 person has additional changes in the Ag structure so that an A2 person sees some of the structure as foreign. This results in the body's immune system making anti-A1. |
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What is the lectin for anti-A1 and anti-H?
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Lectins:
anti-A1 --> Dolichos biflorus anti-H --> Ulex europaeus |
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Interpret the following:
anti-A: 4+ anti-B: 0 A1 cells: 2+ B cells: 4+ anti-D: 4+ Rh Ctl: 0 |
Interpretation: discrepancy
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The patient has a discrepancy. What are the 2 most likely reasons for this discrepancy? What would help to differentiate between these 2 choices?
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Reasons for discrepancies.
1) unexpected antibodies (antibody would appear in the antibody screen) 2) Subgroup- A2 with anti-A (antibody would NOT appear in the antibody screen, use A2 cells and/or the appropriate lectin.) |
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List the uncommon subgroups of A & B & any significant characteristics or testing reactions that aid in their identification.
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A3: anti-A=2+mf; anti-AB=2+mf
Ax: anti-A=weak/0; anti-AB=1+/2+ Ael: anti-A=0; anti-AB=0 B3: anti-B=2+mf; anti-AB=2+mf Bx: anti-B=weak/0; anti-AB=1+ All subgroups react with anti-H lectin but not anti-A1 lectin. |
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Fill in the blanks. The amount of H substance on cells decreases in this order:
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H substances on cells (decreasing order.
O > _A2_ > _B_ > A2B > _A1_ > _A1B_ > Oh (Bombay) |
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List the ABO blood group genotypes including A1 & A2 subgroups.
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ABO blood groups
A1A1, A1A2, A1O, A2O, A2A2 BB, BO A1B, A2B OO |
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If a mother is typed as an A1 & the father is an O, what possible genotypes & phenotypes are possible in the offspring? (Use Punnett square)
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Mother possible alleles: A1, A2, O
Father possible allele: O Children possible genotypes: A1O, A2O, OO children possible penotypes: A1, A2, O |
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What genes are involved to determine if a person has H antigen?
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Genes involved to determine H antigen:
Zz & Hh |
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What genes are involved to determine if a person is a secretor or not?
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Genes involved in secretors:
Se Se & Hh |
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Where are secretor antigens found?
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Secretor antigens found:
Body secretions such as saliva, urine, tears, bile, amniotic fluid, breast milk, exudates & digestive fluids |
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If a person inherits AA, Dd, hh, se se, what blood type will they express on the forward grouping?
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AA, Dd, hh, se se = what blood type.
Group O (Bombay) |
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Interpret results of ABH substance testing.
Problem 1 |
ABH substance testing.
Saliva+anti-A + A cells = agglutination Saliva+anti-B + B cells = no agglutination Saliva +anti-H + O cells = no agglutination B & H substances present in the body fluids. the pt is a Group B secretor. (The anti-B & anti-H combined with the B & H substance so that the anti-sera was bound up & couldn't combine with the RBCs) |
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Interpret results of ABH substance testing.
Problem 2 |
ABH substance testing.
Saliva+anti-A + A cells = agglutination Saliva+anti-B + B cells = agglutination Saliva+anti-H + O cells = agglutination The patient is a nonsecretor. |
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What naturally occurring antibody appears in the serum of an Rh positive individual.
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Naturally occurring antibody in serum of Rh+.
None that are related to the D antigen. An Rh neg person may have an anti-D, but it is RBC stimulated. The naturally occurring antibodies present would be related to the patient's ABO type. |
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An Rh (D) pos patient receives multiple O Rh (D) neg units of blood. The next day:
1). the pt may type as Rh neg 2). The pt will definitely type Rh pos 3). A mied field reaction may be seen. a. 1 is correct; b. 2 is correct; c. 1 & 3 are correct; d. none are correct |
Rh pos receives multiple O neg:
(1 & 3 are correct) The pt may type as Rh neg. A mixed field reaction may be seen. |
