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52 Cards in this Set

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THe ________ grows much faster that the brainstem and the cerebellum
cerebrum
The ______ is the largest part of the CNS
Cerebrum
What is the cerebrum associatedd with?
Consious thoughts and behaviors-and controls higher mental functions (intelligence, memory, learning, and emotions
Gray matter of cerebrum is composed of?
nerve cell bodies
1.outer surface is called cerebral cortex
White matter in cerebrum is composed of?
Axons (deep in cerebral cortex)
What does the Longitudanal fissure do in the Cerebral Cortex?
Seperates it into Left and Right hemis
The _________ cortex of each hemi is divided into?
lateral:
frontal-somatomotor
parietal-somatosensory
occipital-audition
temporal-vision
____ and _________ increase the surface area of each hemi
Gyri (bulge) and sulci(invagination)
Neuron cell bodies in cortical areas are associated with?
expansion
Lateral seperates ________ and ___________ loces from __________ lobe
Frontal and Parietal

temporal
Central Sulcus seperates _______ and ________ lobes
frontal and parietal
The __________ gyrus is anterior to the central sulcus and is part of the _______ lobe. It is called the ___________ somatomotor region (simple movements-flex and extend)
Precentral
Frontal
Primary
The _________ provides an indication of the degree of fine motor control for different body regions
homunculus(motor)
The ________ gyrus is posterior to the central sulcus and is part of the ________ lobe. It is the _______ somatosensory region and is associated with simple sensations (temp and pain)
Postcentral
Parietal
Primary
The 2 ______ process the most basic od conscious movement and sensation
Gyri
This is the representation of the human body of the primary sensory cortex (#of neurons in sensory cortex devoted to particular body part is pro portional to size of region)
Sensory Homunculus
What are theprimary sensory areas?
-Primary Visual cortex-- basic info (light cs dark) part of occipital lobe
-Primary auditory (tone) part of temporal love
-Primary Olfactory Cortex- basic info (odor) part of temporal lobe
Associated Areas is ________ of the crebral cortex for "___________ ____ _____". What are the areas?
most
higher order info

-sensory assoc. cortex- intereprets sensory info (how do i feel about the pain in my arm)
-motor assoc. cortex-plans, coordiantes complex motor info (opening a can)
What are the Speech Centers?
-"Wernickes Area"=sensory region for info being spoken to you
-"Broca Area"=motor region for speaking
The Prefrontal cortex is an example of what?
An association Area: actrion and consequesnces, moral judgments and apprpriate behavior

*prefrontal lobotomy prevent above from occurring
What are the three parts to the white matter of the cerebrum?
1.internal capsule: axons connect neuron cell bodies btwn cerebral cortex and spinal cord
2.Association Fibers: axons that connect neuron cell bodies within 1 hemisphere
3.Corpus callosum: axons connect neuron cell bodies btwn the hemispheres
What are the two fuinctions of the cerebrum?
1. send commands to opposite sides of body
2. The 2 Hemispheres have two diff. functions although structure is alike (speech is left hemisphere)
Which part of the white matter informs one side as to that the other is doing?
Corpus Callosu
Which side is usually dominant?
The left
Limbic System consists of what and what is it associated with?
-Of axon tracts along medial cerebral cortex
-associated with emotions and memory
This is the gateway to the brain and processes sensory info from the spinal cord
Thalamus
What are the three roles of the hypothalamus?
1. nervous tissue: controls autonomic NS
2.Integrator btwn nervous and endocrine systems (sevretes regulatory hormones)
3. As an endocrine organ it secretes the hormones ADH and oxytocin
This is the Major Endocrine Gland connected to the hypoithlamus via INFIDIBULUM
Pituitary Gland (HORMONE PRODUCER)
Basal Ganglia is embodied in ________ _________ of cerebrum and is involved with planning _________ before they occur (associated with: parkinsons disease)
White matter

movements
Means "little cerebrum: and contains _________ ______ bodies and _____ ________ and is involved with __________ and ________________
-axon tracts and nerve cell bodies
-coordination
-balance
The three layers of the Cranial Meninges?
dura mater
arachnoid mater
piameter

*protects brain from trauma and cerebral blood vessels
Ventricles are a series of ________ filled chambers deep in the brain that ________ and ____________
fluid
secrete and synthesize
Cerbrospinal fluid (CSF)___________ entire CNS. IT ________the brain, provides __________ to the brain, and removes ________ from the brain.
-surrounds
-cushons
-nutrients
-waste
The brain Stem is located between the ________ _______ and _________.
spinal cord
cerebrum
Three parts of the brain spem are :
Pons
midbrain
medulla
In the brainstem axons carry information between _____ ____ and ________ ______
spinal cord
cerebral cortex
HOw many cranial nerves are in the brain stem?
12
What do the cranial nerves control?
head and neck sensory and motor functions
What are the basic functions that the brain stem controls via some cranial nerves?
-breathing
-heart rate
-digestion
Nerve I
Olfactory Nerve (sensory)-from nasal mucosa
Nerve II
Optic Nerve (sensory) vision from retina
Nerve III
The oculomotor Nerve (motor) to most eye muscles
Nerve IV
Trochlear (motor) to 1 eye muscle
Nerve V
Trigeminal (motor AND sensory) motor to muscle of mastication and sensory from face, orak and nasal cavities
Nerve VI
Abducens Nerve (motor) to 1 eye muscle
Nerve VII
Facial nerves both motor and sensory; motor to muscles of facial expression and sensory from part of tongue
Nerve VIII
Vestibulocochlear Nerves
sensory-hearing and balance
Nerve IX
Glossopharyngeal-both motor to pharyngeal muscle and sensory from part of tongue
Nerve X
Vagus both; motor: most of visceral organ muscles; sensory from same regions
Nerve XI
Spinal Accesory- motor to 2 neck muscles
Nerve XII
Hypoglassal: motor to tongue muscles
Pneumonic name for cramial nerve functions
Some say marry money but my brothers says bad boys marry money